This thread has been locked.

If you have a related question, please click the "Ask a related question" button in the top right corner. The newly created question will be automatically linked to this question.

I/V conversion,OP amp composite,Zero adjustment

This is a I/V conversion circuit which is used for detect weak current, I1 is input current ,Vo is output voltage.V1 is zero adjustment voltage.
1.How to calculate the output of this circuit?
2.Compared to a single op amp to achieve the I / V conversion, What are the advantages of this circuit?
3 What is the role of R4? Does it affect the I/V gain?

THANKS