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What is the recommended operating condition for refernce pin of shunt regulators { TL431/ATL431/TL431LI/ATL431LI/TLV431/ATL431LI}?
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TL431 is typiclay designed with BJTs process and refernce pin is base terminal of BJT in the input stage as shown in figure 9-2 of TL431 data sheet.
This pin should not be connected to a voltage source directly as this pins tends to saturate at refernce voltage of the shunt regulator. Usually Abs max condition is given in the data sheet (Table 7.1 for TL431).
It is recommended that you should restrict refernce current < 10 times of the max value of IRF given in the electrical table , when you are using the device in the comparator mode.