Travis, because we're working on this one, I split this thread off from the original here:
https://e2e.ti.com/support/data-converters/f/73/t/921116
I purchased this breakout: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B082QX1RDV/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_asin_title_o01_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1
The chip is behaving exactly as a ADS1015 and is displaying the same behavior as can be seen here: https://forums.adafruit.com/viewtopic.php?f=19&t=65880
I'm starting to suspect I have a counterfeit chip since the stamping on the chip is correct (BOGI).