CCS/TMS320F28335: Ram configuration in the linker cmd file.

Zheng Jie Lau

Part Number: TMS320F28335

Tool/software: Code Composer Studio

I am trying to increase how much ram I can use but to no avail. I am not really sure which of the RAML1 to 7 I am supposed to increase and I have tried increasing a few of their length = 0x001000 to 0x002000 but nothing has changed or am I supposed to somehow tell the cmd which RAM I want to use?

I am still experimenting with the 28335_RAM_lnk.cmd file that was provided in the CCS project. I want to know how much of the ram I can use too.

Below is an example code I used to test the current memory limits.

int main(void)
{
//float data[512];
int i[30101];
int j;
float a[17716];

i[2] = 0;
j = 6;

a[2] = 0.1;

i[2] = j + i[2] + 1;

j = i[2] + (int)(a[2]);

return i[2];
}

I am very inexperienced in terms of coding and dsp programming, would appreciate the help a lot.

over 6 years ago

0 Christopher Chiarella over 6 years ago

TI__Mastermind 30255 points

Hello

If it is saying you don't have enough memory, it could be that it can't break down the blocks small enough to fit into the memories setup in the linker.
There is nothing stopping you from commenting out RAML1 to 7 and creating a single RAM memory that covers the full length of RAML1 to 7.

Use the section part of the linker to assign different parts of the code to different memories.

Here are some wikis on the linkers:
processors.wiki.ti.com/.../C28x_Compiler_-_Understanding_Linking
processors.wiki.ti.com/.../Linker_Command_File_Primer

Best regards
Chris

0 Zheng Jie Lau over 6 years ago in reply to Christopher Chiarella

Prodigy 60 points

Hi Chris

I have made some changes to the linker but I am still getting this error below.

>> Compilation failure
SRC/subdir_rules.mk:7: recipe for target 'SRC/main.obj' failed
>> INTERNAL ERROR: Space required for local variables exceeds maximum in _main

This may be a serious problem. Please contact customer support with a
description of this problem and a sample of the source files that caused this
INTERNAL ERROR message to appear.

Cannot continue compilation - ABORTING!

gmake: *** [SRC/main.obj] Error 1
gmake: Target 'all' not remade because of errors.

Fullscreen example.c Download

int main(void)
{
	//float data[512];
	int i[30101];
	int j;
	float a[17717];  /* 17716 does not exeed space required for local variables */

	i[2] = 10;
	j = 6;

	a[2] = 0.1;

	i[2] = j + i[2] + 1;

	j = i[2] + (int)(a[2]);

	return i[2];
}

Example code^

Fullscreen editedlinker.txt Download

MEMORY
{
PAGE 0 :
   /* BEGIN is used for the "boot to SARAM" bootloader mode      */

   BEGIN      : origin = 0x000000, length = 0x000002     /* Boot to M0 will go here                      */
   /* RAMM0      : origin = 0x000050, length = 0x004FB0 */
   RAML0      : origin = 0x040000, length = 0x070000
   /*RAML1      : origin = 0x070000, length = 0x020000
   RAML2      : origin = 0x090000, length = 0x010000
   RAML3      : origin = 0x0A0000, length = 0x010000*/
   ZONE7A     : origin = 0x120000, length = 0x060000    /* XINTF zone 7 - program space */
   CSM_RSVD   : origin = 0x33FF80, length = 0x000076     /* Part of FLASHA.  Program with all 0x0000 when CSM is in use. */
   CSM_PWL    : origin = 0x33FFF8, length = 0x000008     /* Part of FLASHA.  CSM password locations in FLASHA            */
   ADC_CAL    : origin = 0x380080, length = 0x000009
   RESET      : origin = 0x3FFFC0, length = 0x000002
   IQTABLES   : origin = 0x3FE000, length = 0x000b50
   IQTABLES2  : origin = 0x3FEB50, length = 0x00008c
   FPUTABLES  : origin = 0x3FEBDC, length = 0x0006A0
   BOOTROM    : origin = 0x3FF27C, length = 0x000D44


PAGE 1 :
   /* BOOT_RSVD is used by the boot ROM for stack.               */
   /* This section is only reserved to keep the BOOT ROM from    */
   /* corrupting this area during the debug process              */

   BOOT_RSVD  : origin = 0x000002, length = 0x00004E     /* Part of M0, BOOT rom will use this for stack */
   RAMM0      : origin = 0x000050, length = 0x02FFB0     /* on-chip RAM block M1 */
   RAMM1	  : origin = 0x0B0000, length = 0x010000
   RAML4      : origin = 0x0C0000, length = 0x060000
   /*RAML5      : origin = 0x0E0000, length = 0x020000
   RAML6      : origin = 0x100000, length = 0x010000
   RAML7      : origin = 0x110000, length = 0x010000
   ZONE7B     : origin = 0x180000, length = 0x070000*/     /* XINTF zone 7 - data space */
}


SECTIONS
{
   /* Setup for "boot to SARAM" mode:
      The codestart section (found in DSP28_CodeStartBranch.asm)
      re-directs execution to the start of user code.  */
   codestart        : > BEGIN,     PAGE = 0
   ramfuncs         : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0
   .text            : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0
   /*.text            : > RAML1,     PAGE = 0*/
   .cinit           : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0
   .pinit           : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0
   .switch          : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0

   .stack           : > RAMM0,     PAGE = 1
   .ebss            : > RAML4,     PAGE = 1
   .econst          : > RAML4,     PAGE = 1
   /*.econst          : > RAML5,     PAGE = 1*/
   .esysmem         : > RAMM1,     PAGE = 1

   IQmath           : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0
   /*IQmath           : > RAML1,     PAGE = 0*/
   IQmathTables     : > IQTABLES,  PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD

   /* Uncomment the section below if calling the IQNexp() or IQexp()
      functions from the IQMath.lib library in order to utilize the
      relevant IQ Math table in Boot ROM (This saves space and Boot ROM
      is 1 wait-state). If this section is not uncommented, IQmathTables2
      will be loaded into other memory (SARAM, Flash, etc.) and will take
      up space, but 0 wait-state is possible.
   */
   /*
   IQmathTables2    : > IQTABLES2, PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD
   {

              IQmath.lib<IQNexpTable.obj> (IQmathTablesRam)

   }
   */

   FPUmathTables    : > FPUTABLES, PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD

   DMARAML4         : > RAML4,     PAGE = 1
   /*DMARAML5         : > RAML5,     PAGE = 1
   DMARAML6         : > RAML6,     PAGE = 1
   DMARAML7         : > RAML7,     PAGE = 1*/

   ZONE7DATA        : > ZONE7B,    PAGE = 1

   .reset           : > RESET,     PAGE = 0, TYPE = DSECT /* not used                    */
   csm_rsvd         : > CSM_RSVD   PAGE = 0, TYPE = DSECT /* not used for SARAM examples */
   csmpasswds       : > CSM_PWL    PAGE = 0, TYPE = DSECT /* not used for SARAM examples */

   /* Allocate ADC_cal function (pre-programmed by factory into TI reserved memory) */
   .adc_cal     : load = ADC_CAL,   PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD

}

Edited linker^

Fullscreen defaultlinker.txt Download

MEMORY
{
PAGE 0 :
   /* BEGIN is used for the "boot to SARAM" bootloader mode      */

   BEGIN      : origin = 0x000000, length = 0x000002     /* Boot to M0 will go here                      */
   RAMM0      : origin = 0x000050, length = 0x0003B0
   RAML0      : origin = 0x008000, length = 0x001000
   RAML1      : origin = 0x009000, length = 0x001000
   RAML2      : origin = 0x00A000, length = 0x001000
   RAML3      : origin = 0x00B000, length = 0x001000
   ZONE7A     : origin = 0x200000, length = 0x00FC00    /* XINTF zone 7 - program space */
   CSM_RSVD   : origin = 0x33FF80, length = 0x000076     /* Part of FLASHA.  Program with all 0x0000 when CSM is in use. */
   CSM_PWL    : origin = 0x33FFF8, length = 0x000008     /* Part of FLASHA.  CSM password locations in FLASHA            */
   ADC_CAL    : origin = 0x380080, length = 0x000009
   RESET      : origin = 0x3FFFC0, length = 0x000002
   IQTABLES   : origin = 0x3FE000, length = 0x000b50
   IQTABLES2  : origin = 0x3FEB50, length = 0x00008c
   FPUTABLES  : origin = 0x3FEBDC, length = 0x0006A0
   BOOTROM    : origin = 0x3FF27C, length = 0x000D44


PAGE 1 :
   /* BOOT_RSVD is used by the boot ROM for stack.               */
   /* This section is only reserved to keep the BOOT ROM from    */
   /* corrupting this area during the debug process              */

   BOOT_RSVD  : origin = 0x000002, length = 0x00004E     /* Part of M0, BOOT rom will use this for stack */
   RAMM1      : origin = 0x000400, length = 0x000400     /* on-chip RAM block M1 */
   RAML4      : origin = 0x00C000, length = 0x001000
   RAML5      : origin = 0x00D000, length = 0x001000
   RAML6      : origin = 0x00E000, length = 0x001000
   RAML7      : origin = 0x00F000, length = 0x001000
   ZONE7B     : origin = 0x20FC00, length = 0x000400     /* XINTF zone 7 - data space */
}


SECTIONS
{
   /* Setup for "boot to SARAM" mode:
      The codestart section (found in DSP28_CodeStartBranch.asm)
      re-directs execution to the start of user code.  */
   codestart        : > BEGIN,     PAGE = 0
   ramfuncs         : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0
   .text            : > RAML1,     PAGE = 0
   .cinit           : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0
   .pinit           : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0
   .switch          : > RAML0,     PAGE = 0

   .stack           : > RAMM1,     PAGE = 1
   .ebss            : > RAML4,     PAGE = 1
   .econst          : > RAML5,     PAGE = 1
   .esysmem         : > RAMM1,     PAGE = 1

   IQmath           : > RAML1,     PAGE = 0
   IQmathTables     : > IQTABLES,  PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD

   /* Uncomment the section below if calling the IQNexp() or IQexp()
      functions from the IQMath.lib library in order to utilize the
      relevant IQ Math table in Boot ROM (This saves space and Boot ROM
      is 1 wait-state). If this section is not uncommented, IQmathTables2
      will be loaded into other memory (SARAM, Flash, etc.) and will take
      up space, but 0 wait-state is possible.
   */
   /*
   IQmathTables2    : > IQTABLES2, PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD
   {

              IQmath.lib<IQNexpTable.obj> (IQmathTablesRam)

   }
   */

   FPUmathTables    : > FPUTABLES, PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD

   DMARAML4         : > RAML4,     PAGE = 1
   DMARAML5         : > RAML5,     PAGE = 1
   DMARAML6         : > RAML6,     PAGE = 1
   DMARAML7         : > RAML7,     PAGE = 1

   ZONE7DATA        : > ZONE7B,    PAGE = 1

   .reset           : > RESET,     PAGE = 0, TYPE = DSECT /* not used                    */
   csm_rsvd         : > CSM_RSVD   PAGE = 0, TYPE = DSECT /* not used for SARAM examples */
   csmpasswds       : > CSM_PWL    PAGE = 0, TYPE = DSECT /* not used for SARAM examples */

   /* Allocate ADC_cal function (pre-programmed by factory into TI reserved memory) */
   .adc_cal     : load = ADC_CAL,   PAGE = 0, TYPE = NOLOAD

}

Default linker^

I have tried different origins and lengths combining multiple rams into one but I still don't get what's wrong.

Sincerely

Zheng Jie

0 Christopher Chiarella over 6 years ago in reply to Zheng Jie Lau

TI__Mastermind 30255 points

Hello

Your edits of the linker are incorrect, you can't assign just any origin or length, it has to align with the actual memory space on the device.
For example, if you were to combine all of the RAMLs, you would comment out RAML0 to RAML7 and create single entry such as:
RAML0_7 : origin = 0x008000, length = 0x008000 (doesn't matter if you put it on page 0 or page 1)

Even with that correction, there is a limit to how much space local variables can take in a single function. See this post for more details:
e2e.ti.com/.../86094

Best regards
Chris

0 Zheng Jie Lau over 6 years ago in reply to Christopher Chiarella

Prodigy 60 points

I have reduced the length to allow enough space according to the memory taken up by each section shown in the memory map and the error is gone. Thanks for enlightening me Chris!

Best regards

Zheng Jie

C2000™︎ microcontrollers

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CCS/TMS320F28335: Ram configuration in the linker cmd file.