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LM5149:   LM5149:LM5149 -40℃

Part Number: LM5149

Tool/software:

Good afternoon,
I use LM5149 to design a 24V to 12V, 5V, 3.3V 10A circuit, 4mΩ detection resistance, it is ok at normal temperature, now in the -40 degree environment start, can only reach 5A, trigger protection, and there will be howling, my parameters are obtained according to quick-start. Could you please tell me which parameters need to be paid more attention to when starting at -40 degrees, and the direction of change

THANKS

  • Hi,

    The first place would be to look at the Temperature Coefficient of Resistance (TCR) of the 5mOhm resistor that you are using. The resistance will change significantly based on the resistor that you have chosen. As the resistance changes, so will be the current limit set point of the circuit. 

    You can also verify this by comparing/checking the voltage across the ISNS+ and the VOUT pins to check if the current limit threshold is being hit. 

    Thanks,

    Best Regards,

    Taru

  • HI, Taru

    It may not be for this reason. I just tried starting at 20 ° C and starting at 70 ° C with 10A load, which is OK, but at -40 ° C, 0A load does not cause any abnormality. When the load is increased, you can hear severe whistling, and when the current is increased to 10A, the voltage will jump between 1V-3V. May I ask which parameters I need to change or pay attention to in the low temperature environment, which will lead to the abnormal work of the chip

    thanks,

    best regards,

  • Hello,

    Please use the quickstart calculator available in the product folder to check stability, particularly as ceramic Cout with derate with both voltage and temperature. Cold temperature likely gives the lowest capacitance value, so use this in the quickstart when deriving the compensation values. The Murata simsurfer tool is quite useful to check the behavior of a ceramic cap over voltage and temperature.

    --

    Tim

  • Hi,Tim

    I added 200uf electrolytic capacitor to the output capacitance test the day before yesterday, but it did not get a good relief. Could you please help me check the parameters of quick-start? In addition, if I increase the value of Rs, the loop will be greatly improved. When I used 1mΩ, the circuit didn't even work.

    thanks,

    best regards,

    7024.LM5149-LM25149 Quickstart Calculator_rev3.xlsm

  • 4mΩ is good for the shunt, giving a current limit of 13.4A. I see Cout is entered as 200uF – if this is ceramic, is it derated for voltage? It's likely the effective capacitance is lower than this and even more so at cold, which causes the crossover to increase about the 20% theoretical max.

  • I used a 110uf ceramic capacitor and a 200uf electrolytic capacitor, and the result was that the heavy load was severely howling.

  • You can use this file to calculate the effective capacitance and ESR and then enter the values in the quickstart. Don't use an aluminum electrolytic, as its ESR is too high and will increase dramatically at cold, likely resulting in instability. Polymer electrolytic should be fine.

    2313.Parallel Capacitors Cin and Cout damping.xls

  • Thanks for your advice, TIM.

    I changed the inductance from 2.2uh to 2.8uh, and had nearly three times of the original DCR. The howling problem was completely solved, and there was no howling even at 20A. I am not sure whether it was caused by the change of the sense value or the change of the DCR. This requires further attempts

  • Thanks for the update.

  • Oh no, after my colleague tested it at a high temperature of 70 degrees and 15A, the circuit was abnormal due to the damage of the inductor, and now it is back to the origin. Even if I increase the inductor value and the larger ESR, it also becomes abnormal at low temperature. The current situation is that the output voltage between 4-9A will drop obviously at low temperature, but it does not exceed the range of PG. What is the problem? I added 1000uf solid-state capacitor, which is slightly changed, and the range of 4-9A will be reduced a little, but it is still abnormal. I have tried all methods, and those will cause abnormal output of medium-load at low temperature.Is it possible that the problem is on the PCB and why would the controller be so sensitive to the parameters of the output loop,I reduced the original 110uf output capacitor to 44uf, and the circuit did not even work at room temperature

    thanks,

    best regards,

  • Hello, have you tried this on the EVM?

    You need to re-compensate every time Cout is adjusted, so that the loop remains stable. Also, check the current sense lines from the sense resistor to the controller –ensure they are kept away from noise sources such as the inductor and the gate drives. Send on the latest quickstart file and your layout for review. Are you in contact with a TI FAE? If so, we could setup a webex meeting to review your design.

    --

    Tim

  • Hello, Tim
    After a day of trial yesterday, if I need to output 3.3V, I need to change the inductance from 2.2uh to 2.8uh (with a smaller esr) and the detection resistance to 4mΩ, which is stable at -40°, 10A. If I need to output 5V, I need to change 2.2uf to 3.3uf. Increase the output capacitance by at least 200uf, and do not use electrolytic capacitors (tantalum capacitors and solid-state capacitors are acceptable), so that it is stable at -40° and 20A. I am still adjusting these parameters, as well as the parameters of 12V output. I am curious why there is such a change at low temperature, because I can operate normally at normal temperature no matter how bad the parameters are used. Does TI have any good ideas? I did not find relevant information on the Internet.The following is my PCB layout and the quickstart of the original parameters. Sorry, we cannot contact the FAE of TI.Finally we need to get 20A for each output voltage,Thank you for your help.2402.LM5149-LM25149 Quickstart Calculator_rev3.xlsm

    Thanks

    best regards

          all 2oz copper

  • That quickstart file looks good...assuming the ceramic Cout is correctly derated for voltage. If you need to adjust the Vout setpoint higher, the Cout value will decrease accordingly, resulting in a higher crossover frequency. Just check it at Vout-min and Vout-max with the compensation values fixed and adjusting the Cout value as needed.

    I'll look through the layout here shortly and get back to you.

    -Tim

  • Cout reminded me that I have now used 5 ceramic capacitors of 16V 1210 22uf and 2 polymer tantalum capacitors of 25V 100uf, so the inductance value of 1.1uH needs to be increased when the output of 5V and 3.3V, and the inductance value of 12V needs to be increased by nearly 4uH to stabilize. And I have a question. How far away from the output loop are the capacitors to count as Cout, because there will be a lot of capacitors out on the board, will they also count as Cout? Or does it have to be close enough to count.

    Thanks

  • All caps needs to be included. It doesn't really matter how far away they are, as I assume the parasitic inductance connecting them is quite low.

    Regards,

    Tim

  • I have good news, after many days of trying, I found that I had neglected the derating of the input and output ceramic X5R capacitors. After I calculated the Bode plot with the correct parameters and adjusted the poles and zero by changing the inductor and output capacitor to make the Bode plot stable, such parameters were feasible. And do you think my PCB is OK? Thank you again for your reply.

    THANKS

  • Oh good.

    For the layout, go with a solid unbroken GND plane on layer 2 directly below the powr stage (see the EVM as a reference). Also, an AGND island is useful as well. Copy the EVM layout much as possible here.

    Regards,

    Tim