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BQ27Z561-R2: Learning Cycle does not set FC flag during charge mode

Part Number: BQ27Z561-R2
Other Parts Discussed in Thread: BQSTUDIO,

Tool/software:

I have a battery pack based on the Panasonic NCR18650BF. The pack has four cells in parallel.

After programing R2 firmware to ensure all factory defaults are loaded set the following with bqstudio:

  1. Programmed ChemID = 2039
  2. Calibrated current, voltage and temperature. After calibration I verified all readings with DMM including temperature.
  3. Set the following Data Memory Parameters:
    Design Capacity mAh 13400
    Design Capacity cWh 4824
    Design Voltage 3600
    Charge Term Taper Current 120
    Dsg Current Threshold 2
    Chg Current Threshold 25
    Quit Current 1
    Term Voltage 2675
    Temperature Enable

    1

 I used the Alternate method for initial discharge

Discharge Battery to Empty (Alternative Method):
An alternative method before starting this initial discharge would be to make sure IT is disabled. The GAUGE_EN flag of the manufacturing status register would be cleared if IT is disabled. If the GAUGE_EN flag is set, clear it by sending command 0x21 or clicking the GAUGE_EN button in the command window. This is different from earlier gauges in that IT enable command can be toggled on and off. In earlier gauges, once IT is enabled, it can never be disabled via command. Disabling impedance track prevents resistance updates from occurring during this initial discharge.
1 Set E36731A function to load.
2 Set E36731A load current to 2.68A (C/5).
3 Enable E36731A load (On Button illuminated)
4 Wait for battery to reach Term Voltage.
5 Disable E36731A load (On Button not illuminated) and disconnect power leads.
Relax for at least 5 Hours (Alternative Method):
If the alternative method of disabling IT was used, IT enable command should be sent after the 5 hour wait time.
This forces an OCV measurement to be taken, and because the cells are sufficiently rested, this OCV value is qualified for a Qmax update.
1 Wait for 5 hrs. until discharged battery stabilizes.
2 Click "Start Log" in registers tab. Interval set in File Menu-->Window-->Preferences-->Registers-->Scan/Log Interval (ms)--> 4000
3 Click "Auto Export" in Data Memory tab. Interval set in File Menu-->Window-->Preferences-->Data Memory-->Auto Export Interval (ms)--> 600000
4 Issue command GAUGE_EN, until GAUGE_EN = '1' and QEN ='1'  (Don't change GAUGE_EN state for the remainder of the learning cycle)
5 Issue command RESET
6 Update Status should now be 0x04 (IT Enabled) and  VOK = '0' and RDIS = '1'
7 Wait for IT Status Register RDIS = '0' Highlighted Green
8 Wait for IT Status Register VOK = '0' Highlighted Green
9 Wait for IT Status Register REST = '1' Highlighted Green
Charge Battery to Full
• A typical C/2 charge rate is recommended; however, the charge rate is of no consequence.
• Make sure IT is already enabled at this point before the start of charge (the [Gauge_EN] bit in the manufacturing status() register should be set).
1 Set E36731A function to Power Supply.
2 Set E36731A current limit to 2.68A (C/5).
3 Set E36731A voltage to 4.2V.
4 Enable E36731A output (On Button illuminated)
5 At the start of charge, VOK bit in the IT status register sets automatically.
6 At the end of charge the FC bit in the Battery Status register should be set automatically. If it did
not set then a full charge was not properly detected and the learning cycle fails. Correct either the
charging conditions or the relevant dataflash settings to ensure the [FC] bit gets set and try again from
the beginning.

The FC bit never set. I gave up after the taper reached around 70mA.

I have attached the register log and data memory auto export data.

Did I forget to set a parameter, or did I mess up one of the parameters called out in the app note: SLUA903?

LearningCycle_BatteryPN_LC-18650BF-4P34-V2_02032025.zip

  • Hello, 

    Thank you for the very detailed response with all of the data I needed to analyze this. The reason you are not seeing the FC bit being set is because the valid charge termination conditions are not being met. 

    According to Settings -> Configuration -> SOC Flag Config A, you have the gauge configured so that when the Valid Charge Termination conditions are met, then the BatteryStatus[FC] bit will get set. 

    Looking at the log file you have provided, the reason that the FC bit does not get set is because the Valid Charge Termination conditions are not being met. You have the Charge term charging voltage set for 4400mV, but in the log file you only charge up to 2198mV. Please ensure that you satisfy the Valid Charge Termination conditions mentioned in the device documentation. 

    Regards, 

    Jonny. 

  • The battery was charged to 4.2V and the taper current reached 70mA before I gave up. What would cause the IC to read only 2198mV. The dashboard was reporting 4198mV.

  • Hello, 

    Sorry this is a typo on my end, the gauge reported a max voltage of 4198 mV. The reason the FC bit is not getting set is because the valid charge termination conditions are not being met. In this case you can for sure see that the voltage condition is not being met (4198mV is well below the charge voltage of 4400mV, therefore this condition is not satisfied). 

    Regards, 

    Jonny. 

  • Data Memory --> Advanced Charge Algorithm --> Termination Config --> Charge Term Charging Voltage

    I will change the Charge Term Charging Voltage = 4190mV and re-run the process.

  • For FC to set are the following changes required for charge voltage of 4.2V?

  • Hello, 

    You must change the Valid charge termination voltage. The other section labeled "FC" refers to the voltage set and clear thresholds if you had the FC bit configured to be set and cleared on a certain voltage. I recommend you review the BQ27z561-R2 TRM to analyze the different mechanisms that can cause the FC bit to be set. 

    Again, with your current configuration, the FC bit is set based on whether or not the Valid Charge Termination conditions are met. 

    Regards, 

    Jonny. 

  • Added more parameter settings for before starting the learn cycle. I was able to complete the learn cycle and create a Golden image. 

    Parameter Value
    CHEM ID 2039
    Design Capacity mAh 13400
    Qmax Cell 1 13400
    Design Capacity cWh 4824
    Design Voltage 3600
    Charge Term Taper Current 130
    Charge Term Charging Voltage 4190
    Dsg Current Threshold 2
    Chg Current Threshold 25
    Quit Current 1
    Term Voltage 2675
    Temperature Enable 1
    FD_Set Voltage Threshold 2800
    FD_Clear Voltage Threshold 3000
    FC_Set Voltage Threshold 4190
    FC_Clear Voltage Threshold 4090
    TD_Set Voltage Threshold 2800
    TD_Clear Voltage Threshold 3000
    TC_Set Voltage Threshold 4190
    TC_Clear Voltage Threshold 4090
    Low Temp Charging_Voltage 4200
    Standard Temp Low Charging_Voltage 4200
    Standard Temp High Charging_Voltage 4200
    High Temp Charging_Voltage 3900
    Rec Temp Charging_Voltage 4200

    Do the following criteria indicate that learn cycle is complete?

    • Update Status = 0x06
    • IT Enabled
    • Qmax was updated
    • Ra table updated

    I checked and all these criteria have been met.

  • Hello, 

    Yes this means that this was successful. 

    Regards, 

    Jonny.