This thread has been locked.

If you have a related question, please click the "Ask a related question" button in the top right corner. The newly created question will be automatically linked to this question.

TPS55340 - Need help with component selection to stabilize control loop

Other Parts Discussed in Thread: TPS55340, TPS55340EVM-148, TL431

From customer.

What I'm trying to do is to design a power supply that takes a +19V input and creates a +48V @ 300mA max isolated output.   This is for a PoE PSE application.

The TPS55340 part looks ideal for this.  I bought the TPS55340EVM-148 eval board that uses this part in an isolated flyback configuration.  After verifying the operation of the eval board, I modified it to change it's output voltage from +5V to +48V.  This involved changing many parts, but primarily the transformer and output components to work at the higher voltage.  The unit works but is unstable; i.e. it goes into sub-harmonic oscillation and pulse skipping at light, nominal, and heavy loads.  I've tried chaning the compensation but have not had any luck.  I'm doing all this based on the app notes and other information I could find as well as trying to measure the network response of the circuit.  However since I'm not an analog or power engineer I'm not sure I'm doing this correctly or even how to interpret the results.  So that's why I need the help of an experience analog/power designer.

Note: I pointed out that the TPS55340 has a max Vout of 38V. Customer responded with below.

Yes you are correct on the max of 40V.  But in a flyback configuration the max output voltage experienced by the IC (or switching FET) is the input voltage plus the reflected output voltage; the latter being the output voltage divided by the transformer turns ratio.  In my application I'm using a 1:3.43 transformer which yields a voltage of 33V (19V + 48V/3.43) which is confirmed by lab measurement. (I should note that there is some overshoot due to leakage inducatance,etc. that hasn't been fully negated via a properly tuned snubber.  I'm waiting to get the supply stable before tackling that.)  Additionally, simulations show that the max current in the transformer primary is around 2A with a nominal load, so in theory the TPS55340 should be well within its limits for both voltage and current.

 The reason I gravitated to the TPS55340 was its small solution size.  I didn't mention it in the first email but board space is a critical factor in the design and effeciency is probably equally important.  Both for the same reason: the design must fit within an existing enclosure that was not originally intended to house a PSE supply.  Therefore space and internal heat dissipation both need to be kept as small as possible.  

 So in conclusion I'm still wanting to see if you can help stabalize the control loop of the TPS55340 in this flyback configuration.  Again it is the EVM-148 Eval design modified for 48V out by changing T1, D1, C8, R14, and the compensation caps C15, C13, and C17.  I've attached the datasheet of the transformer I'm using, PA1138NL, since it probably is the single biggest change from the eval board.  The output diode, D1, was changed to a MURS120 and the output cap, C8, is a 47uF, 100V Electrolytic with ESR of 0.32 ohm; C5 and C6 were removed.  The feedback resistor R14 is now 800 ohms (R8 didn't change).  With these mods the output was ~48V but unstable - the IC cycled between CCM, DCM, pulse skipping and sub-harmonic oscillation

  • Hello
    It's almost impossible to say why the converter is unstable but there are a few additional things that I think you should look at.
    There are two paths in this configuration for output perturbations to feed back through the optocoupler - one is the action of the cathode of the TL431 (U3). Obviously the dc regulation point has to be changed and you have done this by changing R14. The other path is the direct one where perturbations directly alter the current in the Opto diode by flowing through R9. You need to increase the value of R9 to decrease the gain through this path. Reduce C13 at the same time in order to keep the RC time constant unchanged. There is a good article on this at switchingpowermagazine.com/.../15 Designing with the TL431.pdf You should also look at the cathode voltage on U3 - at heavy loads it may be exceeding the Abs Max rating of the cathode. I think R7 should be increased too and you may need to reduce C18 to keep the start-up times unchanged.
    You should check the calculations for slope compensation too - section 7.3.6 on the data sheet - especially if the primary inductance of T1 has changed significantly.
    Not all oscillations or instabilities are due to the classic linear feedback problems - gain/phase margin and the like. Many are caused by the system hitting a non-linearity - the optocoupler or TL431 running out of control range for example. You should also check that the cathode voltage of the TL431 and Vce of the optocoupler are within their linear control range. Also, instabilities of many kinds can be caused by unwanted feedback paths through the PCB layout so you may want to review the PCB layout too.

    A Bode Plot will show you the small signal response of the system - useful once the system is stable - but it won't give you any useful information about large signal issues like non-linearities or noise induced problems. A load transient test is faster, easier and more informative than a Bode Plot because it will show up any non-linearities and give an immediate qualitative look at the gain and phase margins of the loop. Once you have a reasonable looking transient response then take a Bode Plot for a quantitative result.

    The TI Power Supply Design Seminar library at www.ti.com/.../login.shtml has a lot of useful information including a section on control of flyback converters - look for 'Feedback Loop Compensation'.
    Regards
    Colin