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Biasing from the anode of the opto driver.

Hello everone , 

Sorry for my question I'm newbie.


There is a bootstrap circuit that I take the project of a graduate student as a reference and it works. But there are a few things that I don't understand in this circuit.

Like ; 

-Why does the PWM signal come from the cathode to the anode?
-Why is a capacitor placed between the cathode and the anode?
-Why 12V is given externally to the anode?




Thank you.