Link error #10010 for CCS v5

Error 10010 is not important - it is telling you that some other error had already been found.  The real error here is:

error #10099-D: placement fails for object ".text", size 0x17e6

This error is telling you that the program is too big to fit in the memory allocated for it.  See http://processors.wiki.ti.com/index.php/Compiler/diagnostic_messages/10099 for potential solutions

This "Hello World" project is created by using the option under Basic example "Hello World" in Project templates and example (see following screen). If this simple project can not be created properly, how this CCS v5 can handle more complex project? Or something I missed?

I'm sorry, I don't know anything about EZDSPF2808, or the CCS examples.  We're going to need someone more familiar with them to comment on this issue.

I will note that the error messages resemble a missing linker command file problem.  Perhaps the command file that is being used is not the right one for the project?

sm3447 said:

This "Hello World" project is created by using the option under Basic example "Hello World" in Project templates and example (see following screen).

Starting with the Hello World is generally not recommended for devices with smaller memory. Please see this comment in the C2000 wiki:
http://processors.wiki.ti.com/index.php/C2000_Getting_Started_with_Code_Composer_Studio_v4#Errors_with_.22hello_world.22_project_using_F281x_Devices

It could still be possible to get Hello World working after making modifications to the linker command file, however it is best to start off with the Peripheral examples anyway. If you still wish to get Hello World to build, in addition to Archaeologist's link, these related threads should help:
http://e2e.ti.com/support/development_tools/compiler/f/343/p/188809/678454.aspx#678454
http://e2e.ti.com/support/development_tools/compiler/f/343/p/189182/680150.aspx#680150