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Noise Analysis using HSPICE Tool

ABDJ AMRITA
Prodigy 50 points

Hi,

We are simulating some analog circuits using Hspice tool. We wanted to measure flicker noise and thermal noise. What all parameters we need to have in the model to perform the analysis? We know AF, KF, EF, NLEV, NOIMOD etc.. are few parameters. What should be their values and what more parameters need to be added? The model we have used is as shown below:

.MODEL PMOS1 PMOS VT0=-0.7 KP=50U GAMMA=0.57 LAMBDA=0.05 PHI=0.8 MJ=0.5 MJSW=0.35 CGBO=700P CGSO=220P CGDO=220P
+ CJ=560U CJSW=350P LD=0.014U TOX=14N

.MODEL NMOS1 NMOS VT0=0.7 KP=110U GAMMA=0.4 LAMBDA=0.04 PHI=0.7 MJ=0.5 MJSW=0.38 CGBO=700P CGSO=220P CGDO=220P
+ CJ=770U CJSW=380P LD=0.016U TOX=14N

Please help with the steps to calculate both flicker and thermal noise.

Thanks,
abdj

  • 0
    TI__Mastermind 41310 points

    Abdj,

    Not sure why you posted this here, but it appears that you are using the MOS level 3 model for the NMOS and PMOS devices. Please consult your HSPICE manual for the MOS Level 3 parameters and how they are used in the equations to represent Flicker and Thermal noise.

    EF, NLEV, NOIMOD, etc. will not apply since they are associated with more complicated MOSFET models. I believe only AF and KF are used in the Level 3 MOSFET model for Flicker noise.

    Thermal noise does not have any additional parameters other than temperature and charge (or Gm).

    Britt

  • 0 in reply to Britt Brooks - Online Design Tools
    Prodigy 50 points

    Hi Britt,

    Thanks for the valuable info. Now we have decided to use Level 49. The model given below :

    .MODEL nmos          NMOS   (                    
+LMIN    = 2.4E-07        LMAX    = '5.1E-07-dxl'     
+LEVEL   = 49             TNOM    = 25             XL      = '3E-8 + dxl'
+XW      = '0 + dxw'      VERSION = 3.1            TOX     = toxn           
+CALCACM = 1              SFVTFLAG= 0              VFBFLAG = 1
+XJ      = 1E-07          NCH     = 2.354946E+17   LLN     = 1              
+LWN     = 1              WLN     = 1              WWN     = 1              
+LINT    = 1.76E-08       WINT    = 6.75E-09       MOBMOD  = 1              
+BINUNIT = 2              DWG     = 0              DWB     = 0              
+VTH0    = '0.4321336+dvthn' LVTH0   = 2.081814E-08   WVTH0   = -5.470342E-11
+PVTH0   = -6.721795E-16  K1      = 0.3281252      LK1     = 9.238362E-08   
+WK1     = 2.878255E-08   PK1     = -2.426481E-14  K2      = 0.0402824      
+LK2     = -3.208392E-08  WK2     = -1.154091E-08  PK2     = 9.192045E-15   
+K3      = 0              DVT0    = 0              DVT1    = 0              
+DVT2    = 0              DVT0W   = 0              DVT1W   = 0              
+DVT2W   = 0              NLX     = 0              W0      = 0              
+K3B     = 0              VSAT    = 7.586954E+04   LVSAT   = 3.094656E-03   
+WVSAT   = -1.747416E-03  PVSAT   = 8.820956E-10   UA      = 8.924498E-10   
+LUA     = -1.511745E-16  WUA     = -3.509821E-17  PUA     = -3.08778E-23   
+UB      = 8.928832E-21   LUB     = -1.655745E-27  WUB     = -2.03282E-27   
+PUB     = 3.4578E-34     UC      = -1.364265E-11  LUC     = 1.170473E-17   
+WUC     = -1.256705E-18  PUC     = -6.249644E-24  RDSW    = 447.8871       
+PRWB    = 0              PRWG    = 0              WR      = 0.99           
+U0      = 0.06005258     LU0     = -6.31976E-09   WU0     = -8.819531E-09  
+PU0     = 3.57209E-15    A0      = -1.468837      LA0     = 6.419548E-07   
+WA0     = 5.512414E-07   PA0     = -9.222928E-14  KETA    = -0.04922795    
+LKETA   = 2.360844E-08   WKETA   = 1.560385E-08   PKETA   = -5.98377E-15   
+A1      = 0.02659908     LA1     = -6.511454E-09  A2      = 1              
+AGS     = -4.01637       LAGS    = 1.090294E-06   WAGS    = 1.162021E-06   
+PAGS    = -3.108579E-13  B0      = 0              B1      = 0              
+VOFF    = -0.1829426     LVOFF   = 9.941631E-09   WVOFF   = 1.568082E-08   
+PVOFF   = -2.832958E-15  NFACTOR = 0.6790636      LNFACTOR= 3.454948E-08   
+WNFACTOR= 1.501016E-07   PNFACTOR= -2.955591E-14  CIT     = 2.218499E-04   
+LCIT    = -1.076934E-10  WCIT    = -3.286884E-10  PCIT    = 1.658928E-16   
+CDSC    = 0              CDSCB   = 0              CDSCD   = 0              
+ETA0    = 1.215578E-04   LETA0   = -1.037758E-11  WETA0   = -3.030225E-11  
+PETA0   = 1.529658E-17   ETAB    = 3.548681E-03   LETAB   = -1.791374E-09  
+WETAB   = -6.897268E-10  PETAB   = 3.481742E-16   DSUB    = 0              
+PCLM    = 3.583838       LPCLM   = -6.874146E-07  WPCLM   = 5.664574E-08   
+PPCLM   = -1.33176E-15   PDIBLC1 = 0              PDIBLC2 = 5.379674E-03   
+LPDIBLC2= 7.808481E-09   WPDIBLC2= 5.516945E-10   PPDIBLC2= -2.784957E-16  
+PDIBLCB = -0.1229374     LPDIBLCB= 4.956215E-08   WPDIBLCB= 3.299946E-08   
+PPDIBLCB= -9.624918E-15  DROUT   = 0              PSCBE1  = 4.472639E+08   
+LPSCBE1 = 28.64041       WPSCBE1 = 15.7154        PPSCBE1 = -7.933138E-06  
+PSCBE2  = 1.842585E-06   LPSCBE2 = 2.871008E-12   WPSCBE2 = 2.579183E-12   
+PPSCBE2 = -1.301972E-18  PVAG    = -2.015254E-03  LPVAG   = 1.017757E-09   
+WPVAG   = 3.07622E-10    PPVAG   = -1.55418E-16   DELTA   = -0.02862256    
+LDELTA  = 1.492454E-08   WDELTA  = -6.71663E-09   PDELTA  = 3.407521E-15   
+ALPHA0  = 0              BETA0   = 30             KT1     = -0.2579945     
+LKT1    = -1.664895E-08  WKT1    = -1.633463E-08  PKT1    = 3.755864E-15   
+KT2     = -0.05347481    LKT2    = 8.244731E-09   WKT2    = 1.13705E-09    
+PKT2    = -1.240924E-15  AT      = -1.132632E+04  LAT     = 6.469047E-03   
+WAT     = 6.829220E-04   PAT     = -4.154249E-10  UTE     = -2.309089      
+LUTE    = 1.662427E-07   WUTE    = 1.244801E-07   PUTE    = -5.627924E-14  
+UA1     = -3.461758E-10  LUA1    = 1.747495E-16   WUA1    = -1.42065E-16   
+PUA1    = 7.171442E-23   UB1     = 0              UC1     = -2.38157E-12   
+LUC1    = -2.895726E-18  WUC1    = -1.990052E-17  PUC1    = 1.004497E-23   
+KT1L    = 0              PRT     = -1E-18         CJ      = cjn
+MJ      = 0.4960069      PB      = 0.9173808      CJSW    = cjswn          
+MJSW    = 0.443145       PBSW    = 0.9173808      CJSWG   = cjgaten        
+MJSWG   = 0.443145       PBSWG   = 0.9173808      HDIF    = hdifn          
+RS      = 0              RD      = 0
+ACM     = 12             LDIF    = 1.2E-07        RSH     = 4.5            
+CTA     = 7.707813E-04   CTP     = 5.512283E-04   PTA     = 1.167715E-03   
+PTP     = 1.167715E-03   N       = 1              XTI     = 3              
+CGDO    = 'cgon'         CGSO    = 'cgon'         CAPMOD  = 0              
+NQSMOD  = 0              XPART   = 1              CF      = 0              
+TLEV    = 1              TLEVC   = 1              JS      = 1E-06          
+JSW     = 5E-11           )
*
***************************************************************
*                 PMOS DEVICES MODEL                          *
***************************************************************
      
.MODEL pmos PMOS (                               LEVEL   = 49                 
+VERSION = 3.1            LMIN    = 2.4E-7         LMAX    = '5.0E-7-dxl'       
+XL      = '3e-8+dxl'     
+XW      = '0+dxw'        TNOM    = 25             TOX     = toxp          
+CALCACM = 1              SFVTFLAG= 0              VFBFLAG = 1
+XJ      = 1E-7           NCH     = 4.1589E17          
+LLN     = 1              LWN     = 1              WLN     = 1                  
+WWN     = 1              LINT    = 1.2365E-8      WINT    = 7.8E-9             
+MOBMOD  = 1              BINUNIT = 2              DWG     = 0                  
+DWB     = 0              VTH0    = 'dvthp-0.6236538' LVTH0   = 2.649834E-8
+WVTH0   = 3.214189E-8    PVTH0   = -3.22268E-15   K1      = 0.4198155          
+LK1     = 5.770498E-8    WK1     = 5.577151E-8    PK1     = -2.81684E-14       
+K2      = 0.0429467      LK2     = -2.296405E-8   WK2     = -1.355302E-8       
+PK2     = 6.848271E-15   K3      = 0              DVT0    = 0                  
+DVT1    = 0              DVT2    = 0              DVT0W   = 0                  
+DVT1W   = 0              DVT2W   = 0              NLX     = 0                  
+W0      = 0              K3B     = 0              VSAT    = 1.443912E5         
+LVSAT   = -7.688012E-4   WVSAT   = -6.083648E-3   PVSAT   = 2.186471E-10       
+UA      = 1.846811E-9    LUA     = -3.27694E-16   WUA     = -2.82106E-16       
+PUA     = 7.180233E-23   UB      = -7.84535E-19   LUB     = 4.772849E-25       
+WUB     = 2.599205E-25   PUB     = -1.46530E-31   UC      = -1.75560E-10       
+LUC     = 3.360832E-17   WUC     = 1.504425E-17   PUC     = -1.30556E-23       
+RDSW    = 1.03E3         PRWB    = 0              PRWG    = 0                  
+WR      = 1              U0      = 0.0136443      LU0     = -7.22084E-10       
+WU0     = -1.088554E-9   PU0     = 2.730854E-16   A0      = 0.1071803          
+LA0     = 4.64252E-7     WA0     = 5.383179E-7    PA0     = -1.32033E-13       
+KETA    = -4.943762E-3   LKETA   = -3.565304E-9   WKETA   = -5.226247E-9       
+PKETA   = 2.640665E-15   A1      = 0              A2      = 0.4                
+AGS     = 0.1664005      LAGS    = 1.19106E-7     WAGS    = 5.29237E-8         
+PAGS    = -2.67304E-14   B0      = 0              B1      = 0                  
+VOFF    = -0.0592623     LVOFF   = -1.96686E-8    WVOFF   = -1.486398E-8       
+PVOFF   = 7.510321E-15   NFACTOR = 0.8588103      LNFACTOR= -1.158881E-7       
+WNFACTOR= 1.210664E-8    PNFACTOR= -6.11712E-15   CIT     = 6.439495E-5        
+LCIT    = 2.916437E-10   WCIT    = -3.11284E-11   PCIT    = 1.572825E-17       
+CDSC    = 0              CDSCB   = 0              CDSCD   = 0                  
+ETA0    = -3.819468E-3   LETA0   = 2.155422E-9    WETA0   = 8.235612E-10       
+PETA0   = -4.16037E-16   ETAB    = 1.334637E-3    LETAB   = -7.93631E-10       
+WETAB   = 5.284657E-11   PETAB   = -2.68353E-17   DSUB    = 0                  
+PCLM    = 0.1098002      LPCLM   = 6.874263E-7    WPCLM   = 6.724724E-7        
+PPCLM   = -1.97766E-13   PDIBLC1 = 0              PDIBLC2 = 5.801323E-3        
+LPDIBLC2= -1.81964E-9    WPDIBLC2= -5.853396E-9   PPDIBLC2= 2.957545E-15       
+PDIBLCB = 0.1921199      DROUT   = 0              PSCBE1  = 7.19E8             
+PSCBE2  = 1E-20          PVAG    = 0              DELTA   = 0.01               
+ALPHA0  = 0              BETA0   = 30             KT1     = -0.3248987         
+LKT1    = -1.160393E-8   WKT1    = 4.153356E-8    PKT1    = -4.62347E-15       
+KT2     = -0.0367632     AT      = 1E4            UTE     = -1.04              
+UA1     = 3.992421E-10   UB1     = -9.23294E-19   LUB1    = -5.28718E-26       
+WUB1    = -6.13069E-26   PUB1    = 1.503674E-32   UC1     = -1.00699E-12       
+KT1L    = 0              PRT     = 0              CJ      = cjp                
+MJ      = 0.4812153      PB      = 0.9134669      CJSW    = cjswp              
+MJSW    = 0.3237595      PBSW    = 0.9134669      CJSWG   = cjgatep            
+MJSWG   = 0.3237595      PBSWG   = 0.9134669      HDIF    = hdifp              
+LDIF    = 1.2E-7         ACM     = 12             RS      = 0                  
+RD      = 0              RSH     = 3.5            CTA     = 8.3043E-4          
+CTP     = 4.30175E-4     PTA     = 1.3004E-3      PTP     = 1.3004E-3          
+CGDO    = cgop           CGSO    = cgop                         
+CAPMOD  = 0              NQSMOD  = 0              XPART   = 1              
+CF      = 0              N       = 1              XTI     = 3
+TLEV    = 1              TLEVC   = 1              JS      = 3E-7           
+JSW     = 5E-12           )  

    Could you please let us know how to calculate Kn & Kp (device transconductance parameters) from this model and also now what all parameters we need to add for accurate flicker and thermal noise calculations.

    Thanks a lot.

    Regards,
    ABDJ
  • 0 in reply to ABDJ AMRITA
    TI__Mastermind 41310 points

    ABDJ,

    The Level 49 model is an HSPICE enhanced version of BSIM3v3. Where did you get the models that you are using? The reason that I ask is that the models had to be created by someone or some software that used curve fitting to best represent a set of data provided. The model parameters are extracted based on the data provided and the accuracy of the model depends greatly on how the model was extracted.

    The transconductance values are a calculation from the extracted parameters from fitting ID vs. VDS and ID vs. VGS curves. If you take a look at the BSIM3v3 documentation, you will see how the transconductance parameters are calculated based on the parameters specified an the operating conditions of the device. Transconductance is simply the differential of the current with respect to the gate or drain voltage, so you should easily be able to find the calculation from the current equations in the BSIM3v3 manual.

    As for noise, thermal noise is simply calculated from the existing parameters. Flicker noise is another fitted set of data that is extracted at some operating point. The parameters are extracted based on a fit to the noise data that is taken on the actual device. There is a published methodology for how to fit these parameters in the BSIM3v3 documentation.

    The HSPICE manual can describe the releated parameters as well as the BSIM3v3 documentation.

    As a hint, there are several variables in your .MODEL card that you will still need for any simulation to run properly...

    Britt

  • 0 in reply to Britt Brooks - Online Design Tools
    Prodigy 50 points

    Hi Britt,

    We obtained the library from the MOSIS Service pages "http://www.mosis.com/pages/Technical/Testdata/index". As you mentioned, it looks like a lot of parameters are missing specially parameters for noise calculations. This is hence blocking our way in performing noise analysis.

    Could you kindly share a 180nm level 49 complete hspice model(0-5V), which we can use for designing as well as perform accurate noise analysis. We have searched a lot in the net but we do not seem to get a hold of such a complete library. Please help...

    Thanks in advance.

    Regards,

    abdj

  • 0 in reply to ABDJ AMRITA
    TI__Mastermind 41310 points

    Abdj,

    I think that you may be missing the point. The reason for using a properly tuned MOSFET model is so that you can design in that technology. Why do you need to do the noise analysis if you are designing with an arbitrary MOSFET model? As I stated before, the Noise parameters are tied to the extracted DC parameters of the MOSFET, so simply adding noise parameters will not accurately represent the silicon process that the model is representing. This does not preclude you from adding Noise parameters to the model, but they will not have any basis in the reality of the silicon technology.

    Here at TI, we do not use the Level 49 HSPICE model for MOSFETs. We do not provide our technology based MOSFET models to any external customers unless a specific need is shown and NDAs (Non-Disclosure Agreements) are in place.

    If you are simply looking for noise parameters to add, you may use these values. The values are contrived and do not represent any silicon technology.

    NCH:

    + NOIA    = 4.96E+20
    + NOIB    = 34000
    + NOIC    = 1.1E-18

    PCH

    + NOIA    = 2.84E+20
    + NOIB    = 56500
    + NOIC    = 4.30E-12

    NOIMOD should be set to 2, and EF=1.1. These values should give you some amount of Flicker noise. As previously stated, the thermal noise will come from the other parameters you already have in the model.

    Britt