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Multi Frequency balun.

Other Parts Discussed in Thread: CC1101

Hello Forum members...

I was wondering if there is a way of making any 'variable frequency balun' or adaptive balun which can be tuned in the circuit for any specific transmitting or receiving frequency. The radio module will have a wide range of frequencies covering most of the sub 1 GHz ISM bands. Eg: CC1101. If I have to use a wide band, say from 315MHz to 915MHz, I have to change the balun circuit and mostly its component values. I don't want to use multiple balun chips like the JTI ones in a single circuit. Is their any way I can make it adaptable for all frequencies I wish to work with? Something like the SA430 USB Spectrum Analyzer have???

Thanks...

  • The CC1101 868/915 MHz balun works fine for lower frequencies in RX (i.e no significant degradation in sensitivity). In TX, however, the 868/915 MHz balun will degrade output power and harmonics attenuation for the lower frequencies. Since SA430 is a "receiver" only I would assume they use the 868/915 MHz balun (that said, I do not know the finer details of this design).

    I am sure you can make a tuneable balun by switching in and out components, but the performance will not be optimum and it will be a "messy" design. 

  • Okay. So I now understood that high frequency balun can also be used for low frequency 'listening' only. Then let's assume I will be receiving signals in a central hub from multiple transmitters of different bands. My problem is solved with 868/915MHz balun.

    Instead of SA430 circuit, I would like to talk about the theory behind its adaptive balun. If talking about SA430 block diagram, a DC/DC converter is used to provide upto 24V, directly between antenna's DC coupling and the balun circuit, with an amplifier if I am not mistaking. Could you suggest me what is the 'theory' behind it? How it is going to help in adapting the balun for different frequencies? Whether it is compulsory to use such circuit???

    Thanks a lot...

  • Debarjun, 

    The balun we use on most of our designs is based on two filters connected in the middle forming a balun circuit. The filters are a low-pass filter and a high pass filter, at the cut-off frequency they each provide 90 degrees of phase shift in opposite direction and when connected they provide a total of 180 degree phase shift before combining the RF power. This creates the balun function needed.

    This circuit works over a pretty large frequency range, a 1:2 type frequency range, but if you need more tuning range than 1:2 you need to enable some way of moving the filter cut-off frequency - this is where the adaptive balun comes in.

    Sverre is, in the statement above, warning you of the difficulty in creating a variable cut-off frequency balun that will at the same time create enough attenuation during TX to pass regulatory requirements around the globe. But this could be achieved if you also implemented variable cut-off frequency low pass filtering in the final output stage. 

    Regards,
    /TA

  • Thank You TA. Got to know a lot about balun's function. So as you said a variable cut-off frequency balun is complex to make and will create a lot of attenuation during TX. So it is not recommended to use. Then, what if, my device is only a RX. Do I need to implement such adaptive balun circuit at all just to receive signal? Or can I skip it and use just a 915MHz balun?

    My target is making RX device covering 315MHz to 915MHz band (Sub 1GHz only).

    Thanks.

  • We have measured 433 MHz sensitivity using the 868/915 MHz balun without seeing significant degradation in sensitivity vs 433 MHz balun. Not tested at 315 MHz though, but I believe 868/915 MHz balun will work fine also at this frequency in RX.

     

  • Thanks a lot. Now my doubts are clear. So what I concluded from here is that I don't need any sort of 'adaptive balun' for a wide band receiver. A 868/915 MHz balun can do the job...