Routing in cc2530

VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Genius 4195 points

Other Parts Discussed in Thread: CC2530, Z-STACK, CC2531

Hi Ti

How the routing is formed in cc2530?

if anybody have any information regarding routing please suggest me..

over 11 years ago

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago

Guru 735695 points

A factory new ZR would send beacon request to see if any Zigbee network allows it to join. If yes, it would send association request and do association.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
I think it only sends association request to only one router or coordinator.But how it's neighbor table update.

0 TopCat over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

TI__Genius 9180 points

The neighbor table is formed by LinkStatus messages. On a packet trace you will see that the ZC/ZR's broadcast the LinkStatus messages containing there neighbor table and LQI, this is then used by the ZC/ZR's that receive this to update the neighbor table. Only 3 consecutive LinkStatus messages cause updates to the neighbor table, by default the LinkStatus messages are sent every 15s.

Routes are formed with route req's/rsp's, where only neighbors messages are processed.

Regards,
TC.

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

You can also refer to the discussions at e2e.ti.com/.../422185

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
I have formed a zigbee network with 15 routers and one coordinator. i get the routing tables of each device bu using Zdo commands.
my doubt is some of the routers are not forming the route table for all devices in the network.
1.why the route is not formed for all devices from particular router?
2.how many max. no.of devices are treat as its neighbor devices?
3.how can choose the particular router is my neighbor router?

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

I don't understand your question 1&3. For question 2, it is defined by MAX_NEIGHBOR_ENTRIES.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
Based on the routing table we can say that next hop for a particular destination.
my first question is why the next hop is not created in routing table for all routers from particular router in my network.in the routing table i saw the next hop for the 2 or 3 or 4 routers not for all routers.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
my third question Based on which factors the router is added as a neighbor device for a ZC/ZR.

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

I would suggest you to check the replies from TheDarkSide at e2e.ti.com/.../1030846

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
when the coordinator sends the routing request command in a network.

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

When ZC wants to send message to a node but find it cannot be reached, ZC would issue a route request to update the routing path.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen

1.is it possible to see the route request commands in packet snifffer?

2.in the initial stage of network that means coordinator start the network and two routers are joined in the network but we didn't send any messages between the devices.now how the routing table is formed?

3.do you have any information regarding route expiry time and route table update time?

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
can we send a many to one route request command from any router using a command?

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

1. Yes, you can see route request commands in packet sniffer.
2. When ZR joins ZC, there is association process in which the routing table is formed.
3. You can use NLME_RouteDiscoveryRequest() to send route request to issue route discovery.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
1.what is the difference between hop and neighbor device?
2.is there any tool for better understanding the cc2530 packet sniffer data using cc debugger hardware?
3.what is periodic time interval between many to one route request command in coordinator?

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
I already send a reset.psd file.In that file i didn't find any route request command.why?

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

If there is nothing wrong with the routing path, you won't see route request.

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

For these routing details in Zigbee and Z-Stack, I would suggest you read Z-Stack Developer's Guide.pdf and Zigbee Spec.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

1. If a device is on neighbor table, the message would send to it directly without hopping.
2. www.ti.com/.../swru197h.pdf
3. It is defined by CONCENTRATOR_DISCOVERY_TIME

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

I have the cc debugger manual.my question is there any tool other than the packet sniffer.

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

You can use Ubiqua Packet Analyzer but it need to use CC2531 USB dongle.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
1.is it possible to use cc2531 dongle for cc2530 to connect ubiqua tool?
2.when the route request packet is received a particular router/coordinator what it do?i mean what it change in route request packet and it's routing table?

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
1.what is the difference between route discovery table and route table?
2.what type of information is stored in route discovery and route tables?

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

I had advised you to read Z-Stack Developer's Guide.pdf. Please refer to 5.3.1 Routing table and 5.3.2 Route discovery table.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear YK Chen
In that pdf not mentioned the format of storing the data in route discovery and route tables.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
Router receives RREQ packets along different paths(i.e from different routers).How the router is choose the next hop for particular destination among all routers that send a RREQ?

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

The data structure of route discovery and route tables are in rtg.h.

// Routing table entry
// Notice, if you change this structure, you must also change
// rtgItem_t in ZDProfile.h
typedef struct
{
uint16 dstAddress;
uint16 nextHopAddress;
byte expiryTime;
byte status;
uint8 options;
} rtgEntry_t;

// Route discovery table entry
typedef struct
{
byte rreqId;
uint16 srcAddress;
uint16 previousNode;
byte forwardCost;
byte residualCost;
byte expiryTime;
} rtDiscEntry_t;

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
1.Could you please elaborate the forwardCost and residualCost?

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear YK Chen
Upon receipt of the route request, every device adds a route table entry for the concentrator and stores the one hop neighbor that relays
the request as the next hop address. No route reply will be generated.

With out route reply how the routing table is formed for concentrator at each router.

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

I suppose you are studying Zigbee right? If so, please read the book "ZigBee Wireless Networks and Transceivers" for forwardCost and residualCost in Chapter 3.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
i already attach a image in that how the route is created from all routers to concentrator with out generating the route reply command?

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
can we say next hop is one of its neighbor device?

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

You can refer to www.digi.com/.../Large_ZigBee_Networks_and_Source_Routing

The many-to-one broadcast is a route request message with the target discovery address set to the address of the data collector. Devices that receive this route request create a reverse many-to-one routing table entry to create a path back to the data collector. The ZigBee stack on a device uses historical link quality information about each neighbor to select a reliable neighbor for the reverse route.

When a device sends data to a data collector, and it finds a many-to-one route in its routing table, it will transmit the data without performing a route discovery. The many-to-one route request should be sent periodically to update and refresh the reverse routes in the network. Applications that require multiple data collectors can also use many-to-one routing. If more than one data collector device sends a many-to-one broadcast, devices will create one reverse routing table entry for each collector.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
1.How to create a more data collectors in a single network?
2.When the coordinator generate many to one route request command in a network?(i.e for establish the route from all devices to the concentrator).

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

1. If you mean to ask all nodes to send data to a backup collector, you can send binding request to all OD nodes and backup collector.
2. ZC would send many-to-one route request periodically and The period is defined by CONCENTRATOR_DISCOVERY_TIME

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear YK Chen
1.I want to collect data at backup module if coordinator fail.how is it possible?
2.where can i find the default value of the CONCENTRATOR_DISCOVERY_TIME ?
3.in my reset.psd file i didn't observe any many to one route request command?

4.what is the cluster id in zigbee?

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

1. As I replied you in previous post, you can create another ZR to collect data as backup. You can send binding request to all nodes to binding them to this backup ZR so all nodes would also send a copy message to this backup ZR.

2. You have to define CONCENTRATOR_DISCOVERY_TIME in f8wconfig.cfg or compile options by yourself. There is no default value.

3. Do you read the application note "How to break 400+ node…"? It shows you how to enable many-to-one routing. It is not enabled by default.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
Thanks for your valuable information.
i have few more questions.
1.send a bind request from router to all devices for backup module .is it correct or not.how to send a bind request from router to all devices in a network using a single command?
2.let assume bind is formed between backup module and all devices.which command is helps to send data from all devices to backup module?
3.in ZDO bind request command specifies one of the field as Cluster ID.what is cluster id?.what value can i set in that field for create binding between all devices and backup module?

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

1. If you have for example 3 ZEDs to do binding to backup ZR, you have to send ZDP_BindReq() three times from ZC. First, bind ZED1 to ZR. Second, bind ZED2 to ZR. Finally, bind ZED3 to ZR.
2. You can set address mode to AddrNotPresent when sending message. It means device would use binding address as destination.
3. Cluster is defined in ZCL spec. Different device implements different cluster. You have to follow spec.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
1.can we send a message from all bind devices to backup module(router)using AF_DATA_Request command?
2.in my network end devices are not exist.i want to bind all routers to one router(backup module)?
3.i didnt understand the following statement in your previous post "you have to send ZDP_BindReq() three times from ZC"?

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

1. Yes, it is no problem to send message using AF_DataRequest.
2. Yes, I see no problem on this.
3. I think your main application is running on coordinator so I suggest you to call ZDP_BindReq from ZC.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
1.I formed a network with one coordinator and 3 routers.in my network 2 routers(R2,R3) are bind to the remaining router()R1.i want to send a message to coordinator from R2 using following command.

in above command i place the 0x0000 is placed in the field of destination address.my doubt is

is the message from R2 received only coordinator or coordinator and R1?

you told that one copy of message send to the backup collector.

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

If you put 0x0000 as destination short address, the message would only be sent to ZC.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
how to send a copy to backup router and coordinator at a time using AF_data_request?

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

Since you are using MT command, you should use AF_DATA_REQUEST_EXT not AF_DATA_REQUEST to send message to binding destination. In AF_DATA_REQUEST_EXT, you can set DstAddrMode to AddrNotPresent to send message to binding destination.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear Yk Chen
Is both of the modules(coordinator,R1) receives the data from R2 at a time by using AF_DATA_REQUEST_EXT ?
or
is Binding is also need for the Coordinator as well as R1(backup module) for receiving data both at atime?

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

You have to do binding to ZC too. Then, the message would be send to all binding devices by using AF_DATA_REQUEST_EXT with DstAddrMode to AddrNotPresent.

0 VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA over 11 years ago in reply to YiKai Chen

Genius 4195 points

Dear YK Chen

in that command we can put only one device 64-bit address in the destination address field then how the ZC and backup module receive the data at a time?

0 YiKai Chen over 11 years ago in reply to VENKATA SATYANARAYANA SILLA

Guru 735695 points

When you set DstAddrMode to AddrNotPresent in AF_DATA_REQUEST_EXT, ZR would load destination address from its binding table to send message. If you binding ZR2 to ZC and ZR1, it would get two destination address to send when you use DstAddrMode to AddrNotPresent in AF_DATA_REQUEST_EXT.

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Routing in cc2530