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MAX3221: Charge pump and output oscillation

Part Number: MAX3221
Other Parts Discussed in Thread: MSP430FR2355

Hi,

I have a design including. the MAX3221. My circuit is built around a 3.3 V supply according to the device datasheet and the reference design (see here). Receiving from a PC host with FTDI cable via MAX3221 to MSP430FR2355 works. Sending to the PC will not: even in idle state (TX signal from MSP430 is high) I observe a heavy oscillation on the driver output of the MAX3221 (see image). This results in the PC reading data which makes no sense at all.

When I disconnect the FTDI cable, the driver output oscillation will not go away completely:

I checked the voltages at the C1/C2 and V+/V- pins. Voltages at C1/C2 seem OK, I observe the 250 kHz oscillation of the charge pump. The voltage at V+ seems ok, too:

So I checked the voltage at V- also:

And this seems really weird to me, because the application note about charge pumps says the ripple at V- would be less than the ripple at V+. I checked the solder joints and even tried a different prototype, but I still observe this. I also increased the capacitor values from 100 nF to 470 nF, which will be OK for supply voltages of 3 - 5.5 V according to the datasheet, but still there's the output oscillation.

I tried a different mode of operation (ForceOn/ForceOff pins), but that doesn't improve anything. It must have something to do with the negative voltage, because when I switch to a "low idle" state (by simply setting the MSP430 output level to zero), I don't see any oscillation, since the RS-232 interface will invert and boost the signal (from 0 to V+, in this case). Do you have any thoughts on this?

  • After some more research, I discovered there was a TVS diode on the PCB in front of the MAX3221. Obviously it was a polarity issue; after removing the TVS diode everything works as inteded. The reason was some current flowing through the negative clamping diode (because it was operating in forward mode) and this was overloading the negative charge pump.

  • Hi Torben,

    Thanks for sharing your solution with us. I'm glad you were able to find a fix. The detailed description of the problem and variety of scope shots is also greatly appreciated :)

    Regards,
    Eric