CCS/TM4C1294NCPDT: TM4C1294NCPDT

azim ali

Part Number: TM4C1294NCPDT

Tool/software: Code Composer Studio

This is the driver for PWM. I have found the error as below.

#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include "inc/hw_types.h"
#include "inc/hw_gpio.h"
#include "inc/hw_memmap.h"
#include "driverlib/gpio.h"
#include "driverlib/pin_map.h"
#include "driverlib/pwm.h"
#include "driverlib/sysctl.h"
#include "driverlib/uart.h"
#include "utils/uartstdio.h"
#include "drivers/pinout.h"
#include "driverlib/rom_map.h"

//system clock variable
uint32_t g_ui32SysClock;

int main(void){

//1. set the clock to run off of crystal at 25Mhz
g_ui32SysClock = MAP_SysCtlClockFreqSet((SYSCTL_XTAL_25MHZ | SYSCTL_OSC_MAIN \
| SYSCTL_USE_PLL | SYSCTL_CFG_VCO_480), 120000000);

//2. Enable the PWM Module in the System Control using
//enable peripheral (port F)
SysCtlPeripheralEnable(SYSCTL_PERIPH_PWM0);
SysCtlPeripheralEnable(SYSCTL_PERIPH_GPIOF);

//2b. secret level; unlock port F0 so that we can use it!!! >=O
while(!(SysCtlPeripheralReady(SYSCTL_PERIPH_GPIOF)));
HWREG(GPIO_PORTF_AHB_BASE+GPIO_O_LOCK) = GPIO_LOCK_KEY;
HWREG(GPIO_PORTF_AHB_BASE+GPIO_O_CR) |= GPIO_PIN_0;

//configure pin as a PWM pin
GPIOPinTypePWM(GPIO_PORTF_BASE, GPIO_PIN_0 | GPIO_PIN_1);
GPIOPinConfigure(GPIO_PF0_M0PWM0);

//3. Set the pwm clock to the system clock/64
PWMClockSet(PWM0_BASE, PWM_SYSCLK_DIV_64);

//4. Configure the PWM generator
PWMGenConfigure(PWM0_BASE, PWM_GEN_0, (PWM_GEN_MODE_DOWN | PWM_GEN_MODE_NO_SYNC));

//5. Set the period for the generator
//set pwm to run at 100hz . (N = (1 / f) * SysClk) ; (1 / 100Hz) * (120MHz/64) = 18750 cycles
unsigned long period = 18750;
PWMGenPeriodSet(PWM0_BASE, PWM_GEN_0, period);

//6. Enable the PWM outputs
// Enable the PWM1 Bit 0 (PF1) and Bit 1 (PF2) output signals.
PWMOutputState(PWM0_BASE, (PWM_OUT_0_BIT | PWM_OUT_1_BIT), true);

//7. set the pulse width
PWMPulseWidthSet(PWM0_BASE, PWM_OUT_0, (period/2));

//8. Enable the PWM Generator
PWMGenEnable(PWM0_BASE, PWM_GEN_0);
}

The errors are

The errors are marked in this area of the program as shown below.

over 7 years ago

0 Charles Tsai over 7 years ago

TI__Guru**** 191486 points

Hi azim,
If I move the unsigned long period = 18750 right below the main() then it compiles ok.

int main(void){

unsigned long period = 18750;

0 azim ali over 7 years ago in reply to Charles Tsai

Prodigy 200 points

Further, This is my deadband PWM example code whare i get the error.

//*****************************************************************************

// dead_band.c - Example demonstrating the dead-band generator.

// Software License Agreement

// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions

// are met:

// Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright

// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

// Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright

// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the

// documentation and/or other materials provided with the

// distribution.

// Neither the name of Texas Instruments Incorporated nor the names of

// its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived

// from this software without specific prior written permission.

// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS

// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT

// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR

// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT

// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,

// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT

// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,

// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY

// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT

// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE

// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// This is part of revision 2.1.4.178 of the Tiva Firmware Development Package.

//*****************************************************************************

#include <stdbool.h>

#include <stdint.h>

#include "inc/hw_memmap.h"

#include "driverlib/gpio.h"

#include "driverlib/pin_map.h"

#include "driverlib/pwm.h"

#include "driverlib/sysctl.h"

#include "driverlib/uart.h"

#include "utils/uartstdio.h"

//*****************************************************************************

//! \addtogroup pwm_examples_list

//! <h1>PWM dead-band (dead_band)</h1>

//!

//! This example shows how to setup the PWM0 block with a dead-band generation.

//!

//! This example uses the following peripherals and I/O signals. You must

//! review these and change as needed for your own board:

//! - GPIO Port B peripheral (for PWM pins)

//! - M0PWM0 - PB6

//! - M0PWM1 - PB7

//!

//! The following UART signals are configured only for displaying console

//! messages for this example. These are not required for operation of the

//! PWM.

//! - UART0 peripheral

//! - GPIO Port A peripheral (for UART0 pins)

//! - UART0RX - PA0

//! - UART0TX - PA1

//!

//! This example uses the following interrupt handlers. To use this example

//! in your own application you must add these interrupt handlers to your

//! vector table.

//! - None.

//*****************************************************************************

// The variable g_ui32SysClock contains the system clock frequency

//*****************************************************************************

#if defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA0) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA1) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA2)

uint32_t g_ui32SysClock;

#endif

//*****************************************************************************

// This function sets up UART0 to be used for a console to display information

// as the example is running.

//*****************************************************************************

void

InitConsole(void)

{

// Enable GPIO port A which is used for UART0 pins.

// TODO: change this to whichever GPIO port you are using.

SysCtlPeripheralEnable(SYSCTL_PERIPH_GPIOA);

// Configure the pin muxing for UART0 functions on port A0 and A1.

// This step is not necessary if your part does not support pin muxing.

// TODO: change this to select the port/pin you are using.

GPIOPinConfigure(GPIO_PA0_U0RX);

GPIOPinConfigure(GPIO_PA1_U0TX);

// Enable UART0 so that we can configure the clock.

SysCtlPeripheralEnable(SYSCTL_PERIPH_UART0);

// Use the internal 16MHz oscillator as the UART clock source.

UARTClockSourceSet(UART0_BASE, UART_CLOCK_PIOSC);

// Select the alternate (UART) function for these pins.

// TODO: change this to select the port/pin you are using.

GPIOPinTypeUART(GPIO_PORTA_BASE, GPIO_PIN_0 | GPIO_PIN_1);

// Initialize the UART for console I/O.

UARTStdioConfig(0, 115200, 16000000);

}

//*****************************************************************************

// Prints out 5x "." with a second delay after each print. This function will

// then backspace, clearing the previously printed dots, and then backspace

// again so you can continuously printout on the same line. The purpose of

// this function is to indicate to the user that the program is running.

//*****************************************************************************

void

PrintRunningDots(void)

{

UARTprintf(". ");

#if defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA0) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA1) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA2)

SysCtlDelay(g_ui32SysClock / 3);

#else

SysCtlDelay(SysCtlClockGet() / 3);

#endif

UARTprintf(". ");

#if defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA0) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA1) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA2)

SysCtlDelay(g_ui32SysClock / 3);

#else

SysCtlDelay(SysCtlClockGet() / 3);

#endif

UARTprintf(". ");

#if defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA0) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA1) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA2)

SysCtlDelay(g_ui32SysClock / 3);

#else

SysCtlDelay(SysCtlClockGet() / 3);

#endif

UARTprintf(". ");

#if defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA0) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA1) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA2)

SysCtlDelay(g_ui32SysClock / 3);

#else

SysCtlDelay(SysCtlClockGet() / 3);

#endif

UARTprintf(". ");

#if defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA0) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA1) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA2)

SysCtlDelay(g_ui32SysClock / 3);

#else

SysCtlDelay(SysCtlClockGet() / 3);

#endif

UARTprintf("\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");

UARTprintf(" ");

UARTprintf("\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");

#if defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA0) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA1) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA2)

SysCtlDelay(g_ui32SysClock / 3);

#else

SysCtlDelay(SysCtlClockGet() / 3);

#endif

}

//*****************************************************************************

// Configure the PWM0 block with dead-band generation. The example configures

// the PWM0 block to generate a 25% duty cycle signal on PD0 with dead-band

// generation. This will produce a complement of PD0 on PD1 (75% duty cycle).

// The dead-band generator is set to have a 10us or 160 cycle delay

// (160cycles / 16Mhz = 10us) on the rising and falling edges of the PD0 PWM

// signal.

//*****************************************************************************

int

main(void)

{

// Set the clocking to run directly from the external crystal/oscillator.

// TODO: The SYSCTL_XTAL_ value must be changed to match the value of the

// crystal on your board.

#if defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA0) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA1) || \

defined(TARGET_IS_TM4C129_RA2)

g_ui32SysClock = SysCtlClockFreqSet((SYSCTL_XTAL_25MHZ |

SYSCTL_OSC_MAIN |

SYSCTL_USE_OSC), 25000000);

#else

SysCtlClockSet(SYSCTL_SYSDIV_1 | SYSCTL_USE_OSC | SYSCTL_OSC_MAIN |

SYSCTL_XTAL_16MHZ);

#endif

// Set the PWM clock to the system clock.

SysCtlPWMClockSet(SYSCTL_PWMDIV_1);

// Set up the serial console to use for displaying messages. This is just

// for this example program and is not needed for PWM operation.

InitConsole();

// Display the setup on the console.

UARTprintf("PWM ->\n");

UARTprintf(" Module: PWM0\n");

UARTprintf(" Pin(s): PD0 and PD1\n");

UARTprintf(" Features: Dead-band Generation\n");

UARTprintf(" Duty Cycle: 25%% on PD0 and 75%% on PD1\n");

UARTprintf(" Dead-band Length: 160 cycles on rising and falling edges\n\n");

UARTprintf("Generating PWM on PWM0 (PD0) -> ");

// The PWM peripheral must be enabled for use.

SysCtlPeripheralEnable(SYSCTL_PERIPH_PWM0);

// For this example PWM0 is used with PortB Pins 6 and 7. The actual port

// and pins used may be different on your part, consult the data sheet for

// more information. GPIO port B needs to be enabled so these pins can be

// used.

// TODO: change this to whichever GPIO port you are using.

SysCtlPeripheralEnable(SYSCTL_PERIPH_GPIOA);

SysCtlPeripheralEnable(SYSCTL_PERIPH_GPIOB);

// Configure the GPIO pin muxing to select PWM functions for these pins.

// This step selects which alternate function is available for these pins.

// This is necessary if your part supports GPIO pin function muxing.

// Consult the data sheet to see which functions are allocated per pin.

// TODO: change this to select the port/pin you are using.

GPIOPinConfigure(GPIO_PF1_M0PWM1);

GPIOPinConfigure(GPIO_PF2_M0PWM2);

// Configure the GPIO pad for PWM function on pins PB6 and PB7. Consult

// the data sheet to see which functions are allocated per pin.

// TODO: change this to select the port/pin you are using.

GPIOPinTypePWM(GPIO_PORTB_BASE, GPIO_PIN_6);

GPIOPinTypePWM(GPIO_PORTB_BASE, GPIO_PIN_7);

// Configure the PWM0 to count up/down without synchronization.

// Note: Enabling the dead-band generator automatically couples the 2

// outputs from the PWM block so we don't use the PWM synchronization.

PWMGenConfigure(PWM0_BASE, PWM_GEN_0, PWM_GEN_MODE_UP_DOWN |

PWM_GEN_MODE_NO_SYNC);

// Set the PWM period to 250Hz. To calculate the appropriate parameter

// use the following equation: N = (1 / f) * SysClk. Where N is the

// function parameter, f is the desired frequency, and SysClk is the

// system clock frequency.

// In this case you get: (1 / 250Hz) * 16MHz = 64000 cycles. Note that

// the maximum period you can set is 2^16 - 1.

// TODO: modify this calculation to use the clock frequency that you are

// using.

PWMGenPeriodSet(PWM0_BASE, PWM_GEN_0, 64000);

// Set PWM0 PD0 to a duty cycle of 25%. You set the duty cycle as a

// function of the period. Since the period was set above, you can use the

// PWMGenPeriodGet() function. For this example the PWM will be high for

// 25% of the time or 16000 clock cycles (64000 / 4).

PWMPulseWidthSet(PWM0_BASE, PWM_OUT_0,

PWMGenPeriodGet(PWM0_BASE, PWM_GEN_0) / 4);

// Enable the dead-band generation on the PWM0 output signal. PWM bit 0

// (PD0), will have a duty cycle of 25% (set above) and PWM bit 1 will have

// a duty cycle of 75%. These signals will have a 10us gap between the

// rising and falling edges. This means that before PWM bit 1 goes high,

// PWM bit 0 has been low for at LEAST 160 cycles (or 10us) and the same

// before PWM bit 0 goes high. The dead-band generator lets you specify

// the width of the "dead-band" delay, in PWM clock cycles, before the PWM

// signal goes high and after the PWM signal falls. For this example we

// will use 160 cycles (or 10us) on both the rising and falling edges of

// PD0. Reference the datasheet for more information on dead-band

// generation.

PWMDeadBandEnable(PWM0_BASE, PWM_GEN_0, 160, 160);

// Enable the PWM0 Bit 0 (PD0) and Bit 1 (PD1) output signals.

PWMOutputState(PWM0_BASE, PWM_OUT_1_BIT | PWM_OUT_0_BIT, true);

// Enables the counter for a PWM generator block.

PWMGenEnable(PWM0_BASE, PWM_GEN_0);

// Loop forever while the PWM signals are generated.

while(1)

{

// Print out indication on the console that the program is running.

PrintRunningDots();

}

0 cb1_mobile over 7 years ago in reply to azim ali

Guru 117855 points

May we note this (last) code posting as the most, "difficult & unfriendly for helper read/review EVER?"
All of those "commented out" code lines "EXHAUST & DULL the interest" of your reader-helpers - do they not?

Have you not "traded" your "ease & speed" (in presentation) for "Helper Agony?" (Ans: clearly YES!)

0 Ralph Jacobi over 7 years ago in reply to azim ali

TI__Guru*** 135355 points

Hello azim,

For the second error you report, it looks like you have two main() functions included in the same project. You can only have one main() function in a given project. Find which of the two you don't need, remove it, and then try again.

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Arm-based microcontrollers forum

CCS/TM4C1294NCPDT: TM4C1294NCPDT