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BQ78350-R1: Questions about cell balance (Follow-up thread)

Part Number: BQ78350-R1
Other Parts Discussed in Thread: BQ77915

Greetings!


In the video linked below, At 3:15. There is an explanation concerning balance with voltage separation. It is said that cell balancing starts when at least one cell is below the Cell balancing Threshold Min (Vstart) and another cell is above the Cell balance Threshold(VCBT). It is also said that the cell balance stops when none of the cells is below Vstart. To continue the cell balancing one cell must exceed the new threshold (incremented by Cell threshold Min).

Why does one cell have to exceed the next cell balance threshold (4000 mV) to let the cell balancing continue? Why does it not even the cells voltage out among the cells until the difference between the cells is equal to the cell balance min?

Am I missing something here?

For a concrete example: The cell balance threshold is at 3900 mV, the cell balance window is 100 mV, cell balance min is 20 mV and a charge current of 50 mA.

If one cell is charged above the cell balance threshold (3900 mV) and the other cells are below Cell balancing Threshold Min (in this case 3900-100 mV) the balance will occur until the cells are above the Cell balancing Threshold Min then it stops. In my opinion, it should continue balancing until the difference between the cells is equal to the cell balance min (in this case 20 mV).

Best regards,

Michael.

  • Hi Michael,

    The algorithm implementation is driven by multiple factors - design complexity, robustness, and effectiveness. I am not sure how the specific algorithm for the BQ77915 was determined, but I do see your point that it would be ideal to balance until all cells are within the cell balance min.
    For voltage-based cell balancing, there are also some other considerations. For example, cells may have different internal resistance. A cell with higher resistance would see more IR drop and its voltage will appear higher during charge. Voltage alone also does not give the state-of-charge of a cell. Many gas gauge devices will use state-of-charge rather than voltage to do cell balancing.

    Best regards,
    Matt
  • Hi Matt,

    I see. I believe the battery pack that I am currently using in my test setup is fuel gauged. The resistance on each individual cell is the same among the cells in the pack.

    Furthermore, I have a hypothesis regarding tweaking the implementation of the algorithm to better balance over all the cells.
    Going back to my previously presented example where the cell balance threshold is at 3900 mV, the cell balance window is 100 mV, cell balance min is 20 mV and a charge current of 50 mA.
    For e.g., if I change the cell balance window to 20 mV the cell balance would be triggered more often but for a smaller interval at the time, which can be desirable to make a better balance over all cells. Do you think I am on the right track? Is there any other way to reach the previously desired behaviour?

    Best regards,
    Michael.
  • Hi Michael,

    I think that sounds reasonable. This would still stay at the higher end of the battery voltage which is a better place to decide when to balance and it would trigger balancing more frequently.

    Best regards,
    Matt
  • Hi Matt,

    Thank you for your advice in this matter!
    I will try to test the hypothesis that I had concerning the cell balancing on another Lion-battery with the same cells and the same setup. I will log the result to verify that it is behaving correctly.

    If there is anything else I get back to you.

    Best regards,
    Michael.