CCS/TMS320F280049C: Merging two .out files

Fabrizio Belloni

Part Number: TMS320F280049C

Tool/software: Code Composer Studio

Hi,

i need support regarding the merging of two .out files .

I followed step by step the wiki page at the link http://processors.wiki.ti.com/index.php/Combining_executable_files, but the merge fails each time.

I think to have an issue with the content of my linker files, maybe some directive is missing but i'm not able to understand what is wrong. At the end of this post, i report the linker files of the two projects.

I'm going to map the bootloader in the Flash Bank 0 Memory Address (0x080000) and the Application at the Flash Bank 1 Memory Address (0x090000).

When i launch the command "hex2000 app.out bootloader.out --section_name_prefix="data" --load_image -o ROM_simple.obj" i receive always these two warnings and the merge does not happen (an .obj file is generated but its memory size is very small). I tried to flash it on the DSP but obviuosly it does not work.

>hex2000 app.out bootloader.out --section_name_prefix="data" --load_image -o ROM_simple.obj
>> WARNING: multiple COFF files: bootloader.out ignored
>> WARNING: invalid option: --load_image
Translating app.out to Extended Tektronix format...
Skip symbol codestart , type 3
Skip symbol .cinit , type 3
Skip symbol .pinit , type 3
Skip symbol .switch , type 3
Skip symbol .reset , type 3

....................................

What am i doing wrong? Where can i find two linker files of two projects that can be easly mergeable?

// APP Linker File

MEMORY
{
PAGE 0 :
/* BEGIN is used for the "boot to Flash" bootloader mode */

BEGIN : origin = 0x090000, length = 0x000002
RAMM0 : origin = 0x0000F5, length = 0x00030B

RAMLS0 : origin = 0x008000, length = 0x000800
RAMLS1 : origin = 0x008800, length = 0x000800
RAMLS2 : origin = 0x009000, length = 0x000800
RAMLS3 : origin = 0x009800, length = 0x000800
RAMLS4 : origin = 0x00A000, length = 0x000800
RESET : origin = 0x3FFFC0, length = 0x000002

/* Flash sectors */
/* BANK 0 */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC0 : origin = 0x080000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC1 : origin = 0x081000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC2 : origin = 0x082000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC3 : origin = 0x083000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC4 : origin = 0x084000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC5 : origin = 0x085000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC6 : origin = 0x086000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC7 : origin = 0x087000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC8 : origin = 0x088000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC9 : origin = 0x089000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC10 : origin = 0x08A000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC11 : origin = 0x08B000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC12 : origin = 0x08C000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC13 : origin = 0x08D000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC14 : origin = 0x08E000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC15 : origin = 0x08F000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */

/* BANK 1 */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC0 : origin = 0x090002, length = 0x000FFE /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC1 : origin = 0x091000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC2 : origin = 0x092000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC3 : origin = 0x093000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC4 : origin = 0x094000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC5 : origin = 0x095000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC6 : origin = 0x096000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC7 : origin = 0x097000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC8 : origin = 0x098000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC9 : origin = 0x099000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC10 : origin = 0x09A000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC11 : origin = 0x09B000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC12 : origin = 0x09C000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC13 : origin = 0x09D000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC14 : origin = 0x09E000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC15 : origin = 0x09F000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */

PAGE 1 :

BOOT_RSVD : origin = 0x000002, length = 0x0000F3 /* Part of M0, BOOT rom will use this for stack */
RAMM1 : origin = 0x000400, length = 0x000400 /* on-chip RAM block M1 */

RAMLS5 : origin = 0x00A800, length = 0x000800
RAMLS6 : origin = 0x00B000, length = 0x000800
RAMLS7 : origin = 0x00B800, length = 0x000800

RAMGS0 : origin = 0x00C000, length = 0x002000
RAMGS1 : origin = 0x00E000, length = 0x002000
RAMGS2 : origin = 0x010000, length = 0x002000
RAMGS3 : origin = 0x012000, length = 0x002000
}

SECTIONS
{
codestart : > BEGIN, PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)
.text : >>FLASH_BANK1_SEC1 | FLASH_BANK1_SEC2 | FLASH_BANK1_SEC3, PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)
.cinit : > FLASH_BANK1_SEC1, PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)
.pinit : > FLASH_BANK1_SEC1, PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)
.switch : > FLASH_BANK1_SEC1, PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)
.reset : > RESET, PAGE = 0, TYPE = DSECT /* not used, */

.cio : > RAMLS0, PAGE = 0
.stack : > RAMM1, PAGE = 1
.ebss : > RAMLS5, PAGE = 1
.esysmem : > RAMLS5, PAGE = 1
.econst : > FLASH_BANK1_SEC4, PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)

ramgs0 : > RAMGS0, PAGE = 1
ramgs1 : > RAMGS1, PAGE = 1

.TI.ramfunc : LOAD = FLASH_BANK1_SEC1,
RUN = RAMLS0 | RAMLS1 | RAMLS2 |RAMLS3,
LOAD_START(_RamfuncsLoadStart),
LOAD_SIZE(_RamfuncsLoadSize),
LOAD_END(_RamfuncsLoadEnd),
RUN_START(_RamfuncsRunStart),
RUN_SIZE(_RamfuncsRunSize),
RUN_END(_RamfuncsRunEnd),
PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)

}

/*
//===========================================================================
// End of file.
//===========================================================================
*/

************************************************

// BOOTLOADER

MEMORY
{
PAGE 0 :
/* BEGIN is used for the "boot to Flash" bootloader mode */

BEGIN : origin = 0x080000, length = 0x000002
RAMM0 : origin = 0x0000F5, length = 0x00030B

/* Flash sectors */
/* BANK 0 */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC0 : origin = 0x080002, length = 0x000FFE /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC1 : origin = 0x081000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC2 : origin = 0x082000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC3 : origin = 0x083000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC4 : origin = 0x084000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC5 : origin = 0x085000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC6 : origin = 0x086000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC7 : origin = 0x087000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC8 : origin = 0x088000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC9 : origin = 0x089000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC10 : origin = 0x08A000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC11 : origin = 0x08B000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC12 : origin = 0x08C000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC13 : origin = 0x08D000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC14 : origin = 0x08E000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK0_SEC15 : origin = 0x08F000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */

/* BANK 1 */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC0 : origin = 0x090000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC1 : origin = 0x091000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC2 : origin = 0x092000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC3 : origin = 0x093000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC4 : origin = 0x094000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC5 : origin = 0x095000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC6 : origin = 0x096000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC7 : origin = 0x097000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC8 : origin = 0x098000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC9 : origin = 0x099000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC10 : origin = 0x09A000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC11 : origin = 0x09B000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC12 : origin = 0x09C000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC13 : origin = 0x09D000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC14 : origin = 0x09E000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */
FLASH_BANK1_SEC15 : origin = 0x09F000, length = 0x001000 /* on-chip Flash */

PAGE 1 :

BOOT_RSVD : origin = 0x000002, length = 0x0000F3 /* Part of M0, BOOT rom will use this for stack */
RAMM1 : origin = 0x000400, length = 0x000360 /* on-chip RAM block M1 */
FLASH_API_ROM_RSVD : origin = 0x760, length = 0x000020 /* Required by Flash API from ROM */

RAMLS5 : origin = 0x00A800, length = 0x000800
RAMLS6 : origin = 0x00B000, length = 0x000800
RAMLS7 : origin = 0x00B800, length = 0x000800

RAMGS0 : origin = 0x00C000, length = 0x002000
RAMGS1 : origin = 0x00E000, length = 0x002000
RAMGS2 : origin = 0x010000, length = 0x002000
RAMGS3 : origin = 0x012000, length = 0x002000
}

SECTIONS
{

codestart : > BEGIN, PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)
.text : >> FLASH_BANK0_SEC0 | FLASH_BANK0_SEC1 | FLASH_BANK0_SEC2, PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)
.cinit : > FLASH_BANK0_SEC0, PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)
.pinit : > FLASH_BANK0_SEC0, PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)
.switch : > FLASH_BANK0_SEC0, PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)
.reset : > RESET, PAGE = 0, TYPE = DSECT /* not used, */

.cio : > RAMLS0, PAGE = 0
.stack : > RAMM1, PAGE = 1
.ebss : > RAMLS5, PAGE = 1
.esysmem : > RAMLS5, PAGE = 1
.econst : > FLASH_BANK0_SEC0, PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)

ramgs0 : > RAMGS0, PAGE = 1
ramgs1 : > RAMGS1, PAGE = 1

GROUP
{
.TI.ramfunc
} LOAD = FLASH_BANK0_SEC0,
RUN = RAMLS0 | RAMLS1 | RAMLS2 |RAMLS3,
LOAD_START(_RamfuncsLoadStart),
LOAD_SIZE(_RamfuncsLoadSize),
LOAD_END(_RamfuncsLoadEnd),
RUN_START(_RamfuncsRunStart),
RUN_SIZE(_RamfuncsRunSize),
RUN_END(_RamfuncsRunEnd),
PAGE = 0, ALIGN(4)
}

/*
//===========================================================================
// End of file.
//===========================================================================
*/

over 5 years ago

0 George Mock over 5 years ago

TI__Guru**** 232700 points

What version of hex2000 do you use? Run the command hex2000 --help. The version appears on the first line of the output.

Thanks and regards,

-George

0 Fabrizio Belloni over 5 years ago in reply to George Mock

Prodigy 150 points

Hi George,

i report below the console output.

>hex2000 --help

TMS320C2000 COFF/Hex Converter v4.3.0
Tools Copyright (c) 1996-2004 Texas Instruments Incorporated

Usage: hex2000 [-options | -h] filename

......

Thank you for your help!

Fabrizio

0 Fabrizio Belloni over 5 years ago in reply to Fabrizio Belloni

Prodigy 150 points

Hi George,
i solved the problem. I had an environment variable on my PC that was pointing to an older version of the compiler utility (even if i use Code Composer Studio v8.2).

With TMS320C2000 Hex Converter v18.1.5.LTS i haven't issues anymore and the merging works correctly.

I'd like to ask you a clarification.

The linker files of my two projects (App and Bootloader) have some memory sections shared:

.reset
.cio
.stack
.ebss
.esysmem
.TI.ramfunc
ramgs0
ramgs1

In your opinion, could this sharing of memory sections generates unexpected issue in the .out file merged?
Do some "good practise" exist for the memory mapping of two projects that have to be merged together (e.g. Application and Bootloader)?

Thank you very much for your help.

Fabrizio

0 George Mock over 5 years ago in reply to Fabrizio Belloni

TI__Guru**** 232700 points

Fabrizio Belloni said:
The linker files of my two projects (App and Bootloader) have some memory sections shared:

.reset
.cio
.stack
.ebss
.esysmem
.TI.ramfunc
ramgs0
ramgs1

You are saying these two project final executables files, App.out and Bootloader.out, have output sections with the same name. Output sections with the same name are not a problem. When they are merged into one object file, the section names are changed. The new section names start with whatever is specified by the option --section_name_prefix.

Thanks and regards,

-George

0 Fabrizio Belloni over 5 years ago in reply to George Mock

Prodigy 150 points

Hi George,
ok. I understood.

Thank you very much for your support.

Fabrizio

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CCS/TMS320F280049C: Merging two .out files