CCS/AM6548: UBIFS create error

Hi Florin,

the error you are seeing with create-ubifs.sh is due to it's missing defaults for the MKUBIFS_ARGS and UBINIZE_ARGS variables inside that script. This is a defect in our SDK and I filed an issue internally to track this (PLSDK-3104).

I spent a bit of time with it and arrived at below parameters that allowed me to successfully build and use (boot) an OSPI image as follows:

MKUBIFS_ARGS="-m 1 -e 130944 -c 448"
UBINIZE_ARGS="-m 1 -s 1 -p 128KiB"

You can find out more about those parameters here: http://www.linux-mtd.infradead.org/faq/ubifs.html#L_mkfubifs

Now, to allow you actually to boot the AM654x from OSPI, there are a few more things you need to do that I'd like to provide for completeness sake. First, since the space in the on-board OSPI is limited (total of 64MB, also shared with U-Boot, SYSFW, etc.), you need to create a much smaller filesystem (smaller than the default targetNFS/ in the SDK) you can feed into create-ubifs.sh. Below are my steps creating such a filesystem and generating an actual UBI image you can flash into the OSPI.

# Create work folder
$ mkdir -p tmp/arago-tiny

# Extract smaller <50MB-sized filesystem image which we use as a base for creating an UBI
# image for programming into OSPI.
$ sudo tar -C tmp/arago-tiny -xvf filesystem/arago-tiny-image-am65xx-evm.tar.xz

# Add missing 'boot' folder artifacts (Kernel, DTBs). This is a know issue that those are
# missing and has already been fixed on TI's internal 'next' release branches.
$ sudo cp -vd targetNFS/boot/* tmp/arago-tiny/boot/

# Build the UBI image. Note that we change the volume name to 'rootfs' otherwise it won't match
# what U-Boot is expecting.
$ sudo ./bin/create-ubifs.sh tmp/arago-tiny/ -v rootfs

Parameters:
    image_rootfs_dir ..... "tmp/arago-tiny/"
    image_name_prefix .... "/opt/procsdk-linux-am65xx-evm-06.00.00.07/filesystem/custom-am65xx-evm-rootfs"
    vol_name ............. "rootfs"

mkfs.ubifs
        root:         tmp/arago-tiny/
        min_io_size:  8
        leb_size:     130944
        max_leb_cnt:  448
        output:       /opt/procsdk-linux-am65xx-evm-06.00.00.07/filesystem/custom-am65xx-evm-rootfs.ubifs
        jrn_size:     7201920
        reserved:     0
        compr:        lzo
        keyhash:      r5
        fanout:       8
        orph_lebs:    1
        space_fixup:  0
        super lebs:   1
        master lebs:  2
        log_lebs:     4
        lpt_lebs:     2
        orph_lebs:    1
        main_lebs:    386
        gc lebs:      1
        index lebs:   5
        leb_cnt:      396
        UUID:         58230403-1553-4C91-BD7B-2EE42809075E
Success!
ubinize: LEB size:                  130944
ubinize: PEB size:                  131072
ubinize: min. I/O size:             1
ubinize: sub-page size:             1
ubinize: VID offset:                64
ubinize: data offset:               128
ubinize: UBI image sequence number: 1817218139
ubinize: loaded the ini-file "/opt/procsdk-linux-am65xx-evm-06.00.00.07/filesystem/custom-am65xx-evm-rootfs.ubinize.cfg"
ubinize: count of sections: 1

ubinize: parsing section "ubifs"
ubinize: mode=ubi, keep parsing
ubinize: volume type: dynamic
ubinize: volume ID: 0
ubinize: volume size was not specified in section "ubifs", assume minimum to fit image "/opt/procsdk-linux-am65xx-evm-06.00.00.07/filesystem/custom-am65xx-evm-rootfs.ubifs"51853824 bytes (49.4 MiB)
ubinize: volume name: rootfs
ubinize: volume alignment: 1
ubinize: autoresize flags found
ubinize: adding volume 0
ubinize: writing volume 0
ubinize: image file: /opt/procsdk-linux-am65xx-evm-06.00.00.07/filesystem/custom-am65xx-evm-rootfs.ubifs

ubinize: writing layout volume
ubinize: done

Success! The UBI image is available at "/opt/procsdk-linux-am65xx-evm-06.00.00.07/filesystem/custom-am65xx-evm-rootfs.ubi"

I then make the image available via TFTP and load them into DDR on the AM654x EVM with the following U-Boot commands...

=> dhcp 0x80000000 custom-am65xx-evm-rootfs.ubi && sf probe && sf erase 0x800000 0x3800000 && sf update 0x80000000 0x800000 0x$filesize
<cut>
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #############################################################
         1.7 MiB/s
done
Bytes transferred = 52166656 (31c0000 hex)
SF: Detected mt35xu512aba with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 128 KiB, total 64 MiB
SF: 58720256 bytes @ 0x800000 Erased: OK
device 0 offset 0x800000, size 0x31c0000
52166656 bytes written, 0 bytes skipped in 70.804s, speed 756038 B/s

Then, booting from OSPI into Linux can be done as follows...

=> env set boot ubi
=> boot                                                                                                                                             
switch to partitions #0, OK                                                                                                                         
mmc1 is current device                                                                                                                              
SD/MMC found on device 1                                                                                                                            
** Unable to read file boot.scr **                                                                                                                  
1490 bytes read in 2 ms (727.5 KiB/s)                                                                                                               
Loaded env from uEnv.txt                                                                                                                            
Importing environment from mmc1 ...                                                                                                                 
Running uenvcmd ...                                                                                                                                 
1 bytes read in 1 ms (1000 Bytes/s)                                                                                                                 
Already setup.                                                                                                                                      
SF: Detected mt35xu512aba with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 128 KiB, total 64 MiB                                                                
mtd: partition "ospi.rootfs" extends beyond the end of device "nor0" -- size truncated to 0x3800000                                                 
ubi0: attaching mtd7                                                                                                                                
ubi0: scanning is finished                                                                                                                          
ubi0: attached mtd7 (name "ospi.rootfs", size 56 MiB)                                                                                               
ubi0: PEB size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB), LEB size: 130944 bytes                                                                                      
ubi0: min./max. I/O unit sizes: 1/256, sub-page size 1                                                                                              
ubi0: VID header offset: 64 (aligned 64), data offset: 128                                                                                          
ubi0: good PEBs: 448, bad PEBs: 0, corrupted PEBs: 0                                                                                                
ubi0: user volume: 1, internal volumes: 1, max. volumes count: 128                                                                                  
ubi0: max/mean erase counter: 1/0, WL threshold: 4096, image sequence number: 1817218139                                                            
ubi0: available PEBs: 0, total reserved PEBs: 448, PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 0                                                            
Loading file '/boot/Image' to addr 0x80080000...                                                                                                    
Done                                                                                                                                                
Loading file '/boot/k3-am654-base-board.dtb' to addr 0x82000000...                                                                                  
Done                                                                                                                                                
## Error: "get_overlay_ubi" not defined                                                                                                             
## Flattened Device Tree blob at 82000000                                                                                                           
   Booting using the fdt blob at 0x82000000                                                                                                         
   Loading Device Tree to 00000000fdeb7000, end 00000000fdecb880 ... OK                                                                             
                                                                                                                                                    
Starting kernel ...                                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                                    
[    0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0000000000 [0x410fd034]                                                                              
[    0.000000] Linux version 4.19.38-g4dae378bbe (oe-user@oe-host) (gcc version 8.3.0 (GNU Toolchain for the A-profile Architecture 8.3-2019.03 (arm
-rel-8.36))) #1 SMP PREEMPT Sun Jul 7 03:42:51 UTC 2019                                                                                             
[    0.000000] Machine model: Texas Instruments AM654 Base Board                                                                                    
[    0.000000] earlycon: ns16550a0 at MMIO32 0x0000000002800000 (options '')                                                                        
[    0.000000] bootconsole [ns16550a0] enabled
[    0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x000000009b000000, size 1 MiB
[    0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node r5f-dma-memory@9b000000, compatible id shared-dma-pool
[    0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x000000009b100000, size 15 MiB
[    0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node r5f-memory@9b100000, compatible id shared-dma-pool
[    0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x000000009c000000, size 1 MiB
[    0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node r5f-dma-memory@9c000000, compatible id shared-dma-pool
[    0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x000000009c100000, size 7 MiB
[    0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node r5f-memory@9c100000, compatible id shared-dma-pool
[    0.000000] cma: Reserved 512 MiB at 0x00000000c0000000
<snip>
[    2.974614] ubi0: attaching mtd6                                                                                                                 
[    3.000640] ubi0: scanning is finished                                                                                                           
[    3.006037] ubi0: attached mtd6 (name "ospi.rootfs", size 56 MiB)
[    3.012160] ubi0: PEB size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB), LEB size: 130944 bytes
[    3.019052] ubi0: min./max. I/O unit sizes: 1/256, sub-page size 1
[    3.025254] ubi0: VID header offset: 64 (aligned 64), data offset: 128
[    3.031792] ubi0: good PEBs: 448, bad PEBs: 0, corrupted PEBs: 0
[    3.037806] ubi0: user volume: 1, internal volumes: 1, max. volumes count: 128
[    3.045038] ubi0: max/mean erase counter: 1/0, WL threshold: 4096, image sequence number: 1817218139
[    3.054179] ubi0: available PEBs: 0, total reserved PEBs: 448, PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 0
[    3.063346] ubi0: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 136
[    3.064112] input: gpio-keys as /devices/platform/gpio-keys/input/input0
[    3.076356] hctosys: unable to open rtc device (rtc0)
[    3.174524] ALSA device list:
[    3.177536]   No soundcards found.
[    3.186436] UBIFS (ubi0:0): background thread "ubifs_bgt0_0" started, PID 137
[    3.517855] UBIFS (ubi0:0): UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "rootfs"
[    3.525288] UBIFS (ubi0:0): LEB size: 130944 bytes (127 KiB), min./max. I/O unit sizes: 8 bytes/256 bytes
[    3.534867] UBIFS (ubi0:0): FS size: 56829696 bytes (54 MiB, 434 LEBs), journal size 7725696 bytes (7 MiB, 59 LEBs)
[    3.545310] UBIFS (ubi0:0): reserved for root: 0 bytes (0 KiB)
[    3.551154] UBIFS (ubi0:0): media format: w4/r0 (latest is w5/r0), UUID 58230403-1553-4C91-BD7B-2EE42809075E, small LPT model
[    3.680565] VFS: Mounted root (ubifs filesystem) on device 0:17.
[    3.841636] devtmpfs: mounted
[    3.844902] Freeing unused kernel memory: 576K
[    3.849403] Run /sbin/init as init process
INIT: version 2.88 booting
Framebuffer /dev/fb0 not detected
Boot splashscreen disabled
hwclock: can't open '/dev/misc/rtc': No such file or directory
Mon Jul  8 01:20:18 UTC 2019
hwclock: can't open '/dev/misc/rtc': No such file or directory
[    5.091515] random: dd: uninitialized urandom read (512 bytes read)
INIT: Entering runlevel: 5
Configuring network interfaces... [    5.200112] TI DP83867 k3-cpsw-mdio:00: attached PHY driver [TI DP83867] (mii_bus:phy_addr=k3-cpsw-mdio:00, irq=POLL)
udhcpc: started, v1.29.3
udhcpc: sending discover
[    6.228911] am65-cpsw-nuss 46000000.ethernet eth0: Link is Down
[    8.277138] am65-cpsw-nuss 46000000.ethernet eth0: Link is Up - 1Gbps/Full - flow control rx/tx
udhcpc: sending discover
udhcpc: sending select for 192.168.1.100
udhcpc: lease of 192.168.1.100 obtained, lease time 600
done.
hwclock: can't open '/dev/misc/rtc': No such file or directory
Starting syslogd/klogd: done
umount: /mnt/.psplash: not mounted.

 _____                    _____           _         _
|  _  |___ ___ ___ ___   |  _  |___ ___  |_|___ ___| |_
|     |  _| .'| . | . |  |   __|  _| . | | | -_|  _|  _|
|__|__|_| |__,|_  |___|  |__|  |_| |___|_| |___|___|_|
              |___|                    |___|

Arago Project http://arago-project.org am65xx-evm /dev/ttyS2

Arago 2019.05 am65xx-evm /dev/ttyS2

am65xx-evm login: root


root@am65xx-evm:/# df -h
Filesystem                Size      Used Available Use% Mounted on
ubi0:rootfs              49.5M     45.8M      3.8M  92% /
devtmpfs                  1.7G         0      1.7G   0% /dev
tmpfs                     1.9G    384.0K      1.9G   0% /run
tmpfs                    50.0M    320.0K     49.7M   1% /var/volatile

Hope that helps.

Thanks and Regards,
Andreas