LMX2595: There is a fixed 20us no frequency output time when frequency switching

Hi Nze,

What is your programming sequence and what is your trigger signal for the scope?

hello Fung,

The triger signal is writing R0 register .

Current status：

fosc = 10Mhz ,fpd =50Mhz 

there is no 20us delay at 1.3Ghz-2Ghz or greater than 3.75Ghz.But the calibration time becomes longer, greater than 200 us.

this time use the calibration mode is Close Frequency Assist.

I  use the Partial assist mode and full assist mode in the past.

The  programming sequence  for changing frequency is :（for example change to 100Mhz）

1. Calculate the frequency division value according to the output frequency, the R45 register [12:11] OUTA_MUX select 0 Channel divider ,

R45 register :0x2DC0DF;

the R75 register CHDIV= 11;   

R75  register : 0x4B0800&(11<<6)

2.VCO frequency : Fvco=fout *CHDIV=100000*11=1,100,000 (fout :out frequency 100mhz )

3.Calculate the n-division value:Freq_N=Fvco/50000.000000;(fpd =50mhz)

4.Integer frequency division :PLL_N=(unsigned long)Freq_N;

R36 register : PLL_N|0x240000

5.Fractional frequency division :PLL_NUM=(FreqVCO-PLL_N*50000)*PLL_DEN/50000.0000;

PLL_NUM_MSB=PLL_NUM/65536;
PLL_NUM_LSB=PLL_NUM%65536;   

R43 register  : PLL_NUM_LSB&0x2B0000 
R42 register  : PLL_NUM_MSB&0x2A0000

6.R0 register :0x00241C

Hi Nze,

I will take a look later.

wait for you ~

Hi Nze,

When you switch to 100MHz, did you program the following registers in sequence?

1. R45 to set OUTA_MUX to "channel divider"

2. R75 to set the CHDIV value (ps: div/11 is not a valid value, only even numbers are supported)

3. R36 to set the PLL_N value

4. R43 and R42 to set the PLL_NUM value

5. R0 to trigger VCO calibration

The programming sequence is fine. If you have OUT_FORCE = 0 and OUT_MUTE = 1, when you use the CS# signal of R0 to trigger the test equipment, there will be no output for some time while the VCO is being calibrated. Since you are using close frequency assist, depending on the existing and new VCO frequency, the calibration time could vary a lot. If both frequencies are very close and within the same VCO core, the calibration time will be very short. 

However, if you were switching the output frequency from 50MHz to 100MHz, all you need to program is CHDIV. A VCO calibration is not required.

Hi Noel,

But i have OUT_FORCE = 1 and OUT_MUTE =0,why does not  it have a output for some time while the VCO is being calibrated?

Hello Fung,
I haven't received your reply for a long time. I'm a little worried about you.
I program the register order you sent me.
I use the close frequency assist recently,and I test it that OUT_FORCE = 1 and OUT_MUTE =0, or OUT_FORCE = 0 and OUT_MUTE =0.The No frequency output time is still 20ms. It's so strange.

Hi Nze,

Is the problem happen when the VCO frequency falls into below zone?

I can't remember the behavior of close frequency assist, but with auto-calibration, if you have OUT_FORCE = 0 and OUT_MUTE = 1, the output will not mute during calibration.

Let's try an experiment, run the following configuration to make the VCO lock to 11000MHz with auto-calibration. Then program PLL_N to 551 and then program R0 to trigger auto-vco calibration. 

Next, repeat the above experiment but make QUICK_RECAL_EN = 1 before programming PLL_N to 551. Will the output be muted?

BTW, there are min. input frequency and max. output frequency requirement to the MULT, we cannot get 50MHz fpd from a 10MHz reference.

Hi Fung,

1. I've tested it in the range of 11900 MHz to 12100 MHz,The output be muted, time is still 20ms.

2.Sorry,Are you writing wrong? The mute output should be OUT_FORCE = 0 and OUT_MUTE = 1；

3. I've tested an experiment,The output be muted, time is still 20ms.

I use TISC Pro to generate hex files as follows：

R112	0x700000
R111	0x6F0000
R110	0x6E0000
R109	0x6D0000
R108	0x6C0000
R107	0x6B0000
R106	0x6A0000
R105	0x690021
R104	0x680000
R103	0x670000
R102	0x660000
R101	0x650011
R100	0x640000
R99	0x630000
R98	0x620000
R97	0x610888
R96	0x600000
R95	0x5F0000
R94	0x5E0000
R93	0x5D0000
R92	0x5C0000
R91	0x5B0000
R90	0x5A0000
R89	0x590000
R88	0x580000
R87	0x570000
R86	0x560000
R85	0x550000
R84	0x540000
R83	0x530000
R82	0x520000
R81	0x510000
R80	0x500000
R79	0x4F0000
R78	0x4E0003
R77	0x4D0000
R76	0x4C000C
R75	0x4B0AC0
R74	0x4A0000
R73	0x49003F
R72	0x480001
R71	0x470081
R70	0x46C350
R69	0x450000
R68	0x4403E8
R67	0x430000
R66	0x4201F4
R65	0x410000
R64	0x401388
R63	0x3F0000
R62	0x3E0322
R61	0x3D00A8
R60	0x3C0000
R59	0x3B0001
R58	0x3A9001
R57	0x390020
R56	0x380000
R55	0x370000
R54	0x360000
R53	0x350000
R52	0x340820
R51	0x330080
R50	0x320000
R49	0x314180
R48	0x300300
R47	0x2F0300
R46	0x2E07FC
R45	0x2DC0DF
R44	0x2C1FA3
R43	0x2B0000
R42	0x2A0000
R41	0x290000
R40	0x280000
R39	0x2703E8
R38	0x260000
R37	0x250404
R36	0x240226
R35	0x230004
R34	0x220000
R33	0x211E21
R32	0x200393
R31	0x1F43EC
R30	0x1E318C
R29	0x1D318C
R28	0x1C0488
R27	0x1B0002
R26	0x1A0DB0
R25	0x190C2B
R24	0x18071A
R23	0x17007C
R22	0x160001
R21	0x150401
R20	0x14E048
R19	0x1327B7
R18	0x120064
R17	0x11012C
R16	0x100080
R15	0x0F064F
R14	0x0E1E70
R13	0x0D4000
R12	0x0C5001
R11	0x0B0018
R10	0x0A10D8
R9	0x091604
R8	0x082000
R7	0x0740B2
R6	0x06C802
R5	0x0500C8
R4	0x040A43
R3	0x030642
R2	0x020500
R1	0x010808
R0	0x00241C

code:

0x4E0003|(1<<9);         //R78 QUICK_RECAL_EN :1

PLL_N= 551;           
0x220000;                //R34
0x240000|PLL_N;          //R36

TP_H;                     //Trigger level High
R0;                       //R0
TP_L;                     //Trigger level Low

Why can't I get a 50Mhz phase frequency from a 10Mhz reference? MULT value is 0,2,,8-31: Reserved, 1:Byapss 3:3X... 7: 7X,

I choose OSC_2X =0, MULT =5 on it,I can get a 50Mhz phase frequency. Isn't that okay?

Hi Nze,

I am sorry, it was a typo, the output will not mute when OUT_FORCE = 1 and OUT_MUTE = 0.

Did you mean, you got the output muted with both auto-calibration and quick_recal_en=1 ? if this is true, I will have to ask my colleague to verify this.

The MULT frequency requirement is specified in the datasheet.

Hi Fung,

Hi Nze,

Right, we have never get this mute issue reported so far. 

What is the green trace in your plot? From the plot, the mute time should be 20µs not 20ms.

Hi Fung,

Does the green trace refer to my reply on June 22? That line is the trigger signal for writing the R0 register,Pull up before writing R0 and pull down after writing. such as in my code TP_ H is Pull up, TP_ L is Drop down. 

Yellow is the output frequency. In the oscilloscope window, each grid is 10us, and there is no frequency in the middle. The time of two grids is just 20us.

So the mute time is 20µs.

Hi Nze,

OK, I need to ask my colleague to verify this. 

Because of COVID-19, our lab access is very limited, we may not be able to give you feedback immediately. I will give you an update in next week. 

Hi Fung,

Ok,thank you very much!